Histology and Immunohistochemistry of Radial Arteries Are Suggestive of an Interaction between Calcification and Early Atherosclerotic Lesions in Chronic Kidney Disease.

: recent studies suggest an implication of immune mechanisms in atherosclerotic disease. In this paper, the interaction between inflammation, calcification, and atherosclerosis on the vessel walls of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is described and evaluated. : patients with stage V CKD, either on pre-dialysis (group A) or on hemodialysis (HD) for at least 2 years (group B), in whom a radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula (RCAVF) was created, were included in the study.

The effect of pharmacotherapy on prostate volume, prostate perfusion and prostate-specific antigen (prostate morphometric parameters) in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms and benign prostatic obstruction. A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The clinical effect of pharmacotherapy on prostate morphometric parameters is largely unknown. The sole exception is 5α-reductase inhibitors (5-ARI) that reduce prostate volume and prostate-specific antigen (PSA). This review assesses the effect of pharmacotherapy on prostate parameters effect on prostate parameters, namely total prostate volume (TPV), transitional zone volume (TZV), PSA and prostate perfusion.

Improving Guideline Adherence in Urology.

Context: Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) distil an evidence base into recommendations. CPG adherence is associated with better patient outcomes. However, preparation and dissemination of CPGs are a costly task involving multiple skilled personnel.

Thrombosed Aneurysm of Superficial Epigastric Vein Simulating Inguinal Hernia: Report of Two Cases.

Aim: Presentation of two cases of superficial epigastric vein aneurysm simulating inguinal hernia. To our knowledge, only one other case is reported in the literature. .

Diagnostic Tests for Female Bladder Outlet Obstruction: A Systematic Review from the European Association of Urology Non-neurogenic Female LUTS Guidelines Panel.

Context: Female bladder outlet obstruction (fBOO) is a relatively uncommon condition compared with its male counterpart. Several criteria have been proposed to define fBOO, but the comparative diagnostic accuracy of these remains uncertain.

Objective: To identify and compare different tests to diagnose fBOO through a systematic review process.

Subclinical thyroid dysfunction and major depressive disorder.

Purpose: This review attempts to investigate the link between subclinical thyroid dysfunction (SCH) and major depressive disorder (MDD). It has been speculated that SCH may be related to MDD through an autoimmune mechanism.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in the PubMed database for relevant research and review articles.

Giant Posttraumatic Angiolipoma of the Forearm: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Angiolipoma is a type of lipoma, a benign soft tissue tumor. It is distinguished by the excessive degree of vascular proliferation and the presence of mature adipocytes. It occurs commonly on the trunk and extremities.

Stroke associated with Mycoplasma hominis infection: a case report.

Background: Mycoplasmas are the smallest prokaryotic microorganisms in nature. Many cases of stroke post-Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection have been reported, particularly in the pediatric population. However, Mycoplasma hominis infection has not previously been associated with stroke.

Adrenal Cortical Rests in the Fallopian Tube: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature.

We report an extremely unusual finding discovered incidentally during a routine pathologic evaluation of a fallopian tube, surgically removed on the grounds of ectopic pregnancy. We came across a minute yellowish nodule situated within the wall of the salpinx, which corresponded to ectopic adrenal cortex, as verified by microscopical examination, and coexisted with salpingitis isthmica nodosa. A research of the available English literature on this subject confirmed the rareness of the entity we encountered.

Detrusor Overactivity May Be a Prognostic Factor for Better Response to Combination Therapy Over Monotherapy in Male Patients With Benign Prostatic Enlargement and Storage Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms.

Purpose: Several trials have shown that in men with overactive bladder (OAB) and benign prostate enlargement (BPE), the combination of an α-blocker with an anticholinergic is superior to α-blocker monotherapy. The purpose of this study is to explore whether urodynamic detrusor overactivity (DO) affects clinical outcomes in men with BPE and OAB.

Methods: This is a post hoc analysis of a prospective, randomized trial, designed to evaluate the changes of morphometric parameters of the prostate following monotherapy or combination therapy in men with BPE-OAB.

The Potential Role of Super Spread Events in SARS-COV-2 Pandemic; a Narrative Review.

Coronaviruses, members of family, cause extensive epidemics of vast diseases like severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) in animals and humans. Super spread events (SSEs) potentiate early outbreak of the disease and its constant spread in later stages. Viral recombination events within species and across hosts lead to natural selection based on advanced infectivity and resistance.

Do Drugs Work for ΟΑΒ Following Prostate Cancer Surgery.

There is evidence that post-radical prostatectomy (post-RP) incontinence is not just the insufficiency of the external urethral sphincter mechanism. Up to a third of men with post-RP incontinence suffer from bladder dysfunction, namely overactive bladder (OAB). OAB is a complex symptom syndrome with poorly defined pathophysiology.

Compliance of Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome with Treatment Following Their Hospitalization from the Cardiac Coronary Unit.

Background: Low compliance rates with medication after an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a serious public health problem with adverse socioeconomic implications for both patients and their families as well as for health systems in general. The aims of the study are to measure the levels of compliance with medication in the treatment of patients who suffered from ACS and to investigate the factors contributing to the noncompliance.

Methods: The sample consisted of 100 patients hospitalized in the coronary care unit (CCU) of a general hospital.

Central-Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSIs) Incidence and the Role of Obesity: A Prospective, Observational Study in Greece.

Introduction: Although central venous catheters (CVCs) provide reliable vascular access, there are several risks linked with their use, with the rates of central-line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) being the most important ones. CLABSIs have a big impact on mortality rates and health care costs. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of obesity in the development of central venous catheter infections.

A study of the possible effect of abnormal patella height on meniscal tears.

Objective: Patellar height is key to knee biomechanics. Variations (alta/baja) have been associated with instability/dislocations, ACL ruptures etch. The effect of abnormal patella height and meniscal lesions is not clear yet; this is a first investigation of this relation.

Web-Based Intervention Effects on Mild Cognitive Impairment Based on Apolipoprotein E Genotype: Quasi-Experimental Study.

Background: Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele is a major genetic risk factor for Alzheimer disease and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Computer-based training programs can improve cognitive performance in elderly populations. However, the effects of computer-based interventions on MCI APOE ε4 carriers have never been studied before.

Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection (SCAD): Case Series and Mini Review.

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) has gained recognition in recent years as a non-atherosclerotic cause of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), especially in young and middle-aged women without any of the classic risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The booming use of coronary angiography in patients presenting with ACS combined with new, revolutionary methods of intravascular imaging, have led to increased rates of SCAD diagnosis. We aim to present a brief, up-to-date review of the existing literature, along with our experience as reflected in the recent management of nine SCAD cases in three tertiary care hospitals.

Alzheimer's disease and gastrointestinal microbiota; impact of infection involvement.

Alzheimer disease (AD) is a leading cause of global burden with great impact on societies. Although research is working intensively on promising therapy, the problem remains up-to-date. Among the various proposed hypotheses regarding causality and therapy, emerging evidence supports the hypothesis that gastrointestinal microbiota through the so-called 'gut-brain axis' interacts with immune system and brain and shape the balance between homeostasis and disease; the involvement of gastrointestinal microbiota in the pathophysiology of AD is less defined, even though the role of 'gut-brain axis' has been well verified for other neurodegenerative conditions.

What Is the Most Effective Treatment for Nocturia or Nocturnal Incontinence in Adult Women?

Context: Nocturia is a prevalent symptom with varied aetiology and no consensus on treatment options.

Objective: We systematically reviewed evidence comparing the benefits and harms of various treatment options for nocturia or nocturnal incontinence in women.

Evidence Acquisition: Literature search was performed using Embase, Medline, and Cochrane databases (from 1 January 1946 to 26 September 2017), following the methods detailed in the Cochrane Handbook.

Traumatic Elbow Mediolateral Investigatory Screening: The value of the sitting axial mediolateral projection in the diagnosis of radial head fractures.

Background: Elbow injuries are frequently encountered in hospital practice, while radial head fractures are the commonest result of such trauma. Diagnosis of radial head fractures is based on clinical and radiographic evaluation with a number of X-ray projections being available. A combination of views is chosen, comprising of routine elbow series screenings and modified techniques, as well as the assistance of the fat-pat sign; never the less fractures can still be occult on X-rays.

Impact of nitric oxide's bidirectional role on glaucoma: focus on Helicobacter pylori-related nitrosative stress.

Nitric oxide (NO), a small molecule generated ubiquitously, targets a plethora of tissues to regulate both physiological and pathophysiological functions. NO overproduction, stimulated by microenvironmental conditions, is the main component that dysregulates the tight balance between its beneficial and damaging roles in ocular homeostasis. Considering the protective functions of NO against glaucoma, its endogenous release facilitates aqueous humor drainage and regulates ocular blood flow, maintaining a normal intraocular pressure.

Immunosuppressive regimens based on Cyclophospamide or Calcineurin inhibitors: Comparison of their effect in the long term outcome of Primary Membranous Nephropathy.

Introduction: Management of the Primary Membranous Nephropathy (PMN) usually involves administration of immunosuppressives. Cyclophosphamide (Cyclo) and Calcineurin Inhibitors (CNIs) are both widely used but only limited data exist to compare their efficacy in long term follow-up.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to estimate and compare long term effects of Cyclo and CNIs in patients with PMN.

Impact of occupational stress on irritable bowel syndrome pathophysiology and potential management in active duty noncombat Greek military personnel: a multicenter prospective survey.

Introduction: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the gut-brain axis interaction disorders. It has global distribution with varying prevalence and particular financial and psychological consequences. IBS has been associated with stress and anxiety, conditions that are usually prevalent in the army.

Aiming for the optimal bicarbonate prescription for maintenance hemodialysis therapy in end-stage renal disease.

Introduction: Acidemia and alkalemia, as a result of gradual depletion of the body's buffers followed by rapid repletion during hemodialysis (HD), are linked to adverse consequences. We examined the acid-base status with dialysis bath of higher bicarbonate (HC03 ) concentration or standard HC03 bath plus oral HC03 supplementation.

Methods: A total of 60 stable HD patients (pts) were evaluated according to their pre-dialysis acid-base status both before the first and the second session of the week dialyzed against standard base dialysate of 35 mmol/L.