Topical calcineurin and mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors in inflammatory dermatoses: Current challenges and nanotechnology‑based prospects (Review).

Topical therapy remains a critical component in the management of immune‑mediated inflammatory dermatoses such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. In this field, macrolactam immunomodulators, including calcineurin and mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors, can offer steroid‑free therapeutic alternatives. Despite their potential for skin‑selective treatment compared with topical corticosteroids, the physicochemical properties of these compounds, such as high lipophilicity and large molecular size, do not meet the criteria for efficient penetration into the skin, especially with conventional topical vehicles.

Exacerbation of Kaposi sarcoma following BRAF/MEK inhibitor therapy in a melanoma patient: a case report and mechanistic insight.

We present a case of a 75-year-old male patient who experienced a severe exacerbation of his Kaposi sarcoma lesions, which have remained clinically stable for a year, following treatment with BRAF/mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors for his coexisting melanoma. In this case, we present the possibility that BRAF/MEK inhibition may be mechanistically associated with the progression of Kaposi sarcoma and briefly discuss the potential mechanisms behind this phenomenon.

Treatment of Psoriasis Patients with Latent Tuberculosis Using IL-17 and IL-23 Inhibitors: A Retrospective, Multinational, Multicentre Study.

Background: Tuberculosis has a major global impact. Immunocompetent hosts usually control this disease, resulting in an asymptomatic latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Because TNF inhibitors increase the risk of tuberculosis reactivation, current guidelines recommend tuberculosis screening before starting any biologic drug, and chemoprophylaxis if LTBI is diagnosed.

Efficacy and safety of ligelizumab in adults and adolescents with chronic spontaneous urticaria: results of two phase 3 randomised controlled trials.

Background: Many patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) do not achieve complete control of their symptoms with current available treatments. In a dose-finding phase 2b study, ligelizumab improved urticaria symptoms in patients with H1-antihistamine (H1-AH) refractory CSU. Here, we report the efficacy and safety outcomes from two ligelizumab phase 3 studies.

Psoriasis immunometabolism: progress on metabolic biomarkers and targeted therapy.

Psoriasis is a common inflammatory disease that affects mainly the skin. However, the moderate to severe forms have been associated with several comorbidities, such as psoriatic arthritis, Crohn's disease, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Keratinocytes and T helper cells are the dominant cell types involved in psoriasis development via a complex crosstalk between epithelial cells, peripheral immune cells and immune cells residing in the skin.

Delphi Consensus Among International Experts on the Diagnosis, Management, and Surveillance for Lentigo Maligna.

Introduction: Melanoma of the lentigo maligna (LM) type is challenging. There is lack of consensus on the optimal diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up.

Objectives: To obtain general consensus on the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up for LM.

A retrospective multicentric cohort study of checkpoint inhibitors-induced pruritus with focus on management.

Background: Limited data on immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-induced pruritus per se and efficacy of different therapeutic modalities in its management exist.

Objective: To study the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of ICI-induced pruritus per se and to assess the efficacy of the therapeutic modalities usually applied.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 91 patients who were under treatment with ICIs for any kind of neoplasia and developed pruritus during treatment.

The Impact of Treatment with IL-17/IL-23 Inhibitors on Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Patients with Plaque Psoriasis and/or Psoriatic Arthritis: A Systematic Review.

Accumulating evidence considers psoriasis a systemic inflammatory disorder that is associated with comorbidities such as psoriatic arthritis, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic syndrome. Although the precise pathogenetic links between psoriasis and atherosclerosis warrants further investigation, it is believed that chronic systemic inflammation along with the T helper (Th)-1 and Th17 polarization are associated with endothelial dysfunction and subsequent acceleration of atherosclerosis. Considering the above, several studies have evaluated if optimal control of the inflammation in psoriasis by inhibiting interleukins targeting the Interleukin (IL)-23/Th17 axis could subsequently reduce the atherosclerotic process during anti-psoriatic treatment by using a variety of surrogate markers of subclinical atherosclerosis.