Milk sustainability in specialized farms as affected by farm size and culling rates: A new perspective for allocation.

Several studies investigated the sustainability of dairy cattle systems. Global warming potential (GWP) is a "touchstone impact category" of LCA, whereas fossil depletion (FD) remains a scarcely studied environmental indicator. This study aims to help fill the gap of knowledge on FD in dairy cattle systems.

Incorporating olive (Olea europaea L) fruit extracts in a tris-based extender improves buffalo semen cryotolerance by reducing oxidative stress.

This work aimed to evaluate whether supplementing the freezing extender with olive fruit extract (OFE) would improve the antioxidant defense of buffalo sperm, resulting in improved post-thaw semen quality. Ejaculates (two per 16 Murrah buffalo bulls) were split into four aliquots that were diluted in an extender supplemented with different doses of OFE (0, D50, D100, and D150, based on µM concentrations of hydroxytyrosol, the most represented polyphenol) and frozen according to standard procedures. At thawing, sperm motility, kinetics, viability, acrosome integrity, and membrane functionality were evaluated.

Latest clinical frontiers related to autism diagnostic strategies.

The diagnosis of autism is currently based on the developmental history, direct observation of behavior, and reported symptoms, supplemented by rating scales/interviews/structured observational evaluations-which is influenced by the clinician's knowledge and experience-with no established diagnostic biomarkers. A growing body of research has been conducted over the past decades to improve diagnostic accuracy. Here, we provide an overview of the current diagnostic assessment process as well as of recent and ongoing developments to support diagnosis in terms of genetic evaluation, telemedicine, digital technologies, use of machine learning/artificial intelligence, and research on candidate diagnostic biomarkers.

Combined semiquantitative nail-enthesis complex ultrasonography and capillaroscopy in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis.

This pilot study investigates distinctive features within the nail-enthesis complex among Psoriatic arthritis (PsA), Psoriasis (PSO), Rheumatoid Arthrit is (RA), and Healthy Control (HC) groups, utilizing a combined approach of ultrasound (US) and nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC). Clinical assessments and comprehensive US and NVC evaluations of the nail-enthesis complex were conducted on 72 subjects (18 PsA, 16 PSO, 19 RA, 19 HC). Unsupervised clustering models and factor analysis were employed to identify patterns and interrelationships between US and NVC parameters.

Raynaud Syndrome Associated with Medication for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review.

Background: Raynaud syndrome (RS) is a peripheral vasculopathy characterised be impaired acral perfusion typically manifesting as skin discolouration with pallor, cyanosis and/or erythema, and increased sensitivity to cold. RS may be primary or secondary to systemic disease, lifestyle and environmental factors or medication. RS has been reported with medication to treat ADHD, but we found no recent comprehensive overview of the literature.

Genomic profiling at a single center cracks the code in inborn errors of immunity.

Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) entail a diverse group of disorders resulting from hereditary or de novo mutations in single genes, leading to immune dysregulation. This study explores the clinical utility of next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques in diagnosing monogenic immune defects. Eight patients attending the immunodeficiency clinic and with unclassified antibody deficiency were included in the analysis.

Shifting Lithium Amide Reactivity to the Radical Domain: Regioselective Radical C-H Functionalization of 3-Iodooxetane for the Synthesis of 1,5-Dioxaspiro[2.3]hexanes.

Strained spiro-heterocycles (SSH) have gained significant attention within the medicinal chemistry community as promising (sp3)-rich bioisosteres for their aromatic and non-spirocyclic counterparts. We herein report access to an unprecedented spiro-heterocycle - 1,5-dioxaspiro[2.3]hexane.

Genome-wide association study identifies QTL and candidate genes for grain size and weight in a Triticum turgidum collection.

Wheat breeders are constantly looking for genes and alleles that increase grain yield. One key strategy is finding new genetic resources in the wild and domesticated gene pools of related species with genes affecting grain size. This study explored a natural population of Triticum turgidum (L.

Randomized clinical trial (RCT): An overview.

•Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs) are the gold standard for human experimental studies.•RCTs demand equipoise and freedom from treatment preference among investigators.•Neurologic RCTs are costly, time-intensive, and have high participant exclusion rates.

The association between adolescents' knowledge and perception of HPV vaccination and parents' characteristics: A cross-sectional study.

Background: In Italy, the anti-Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination campaign began in 2008. To date, despite the effectiveness and safety of HPV vaccines, coverage among Italian adolescents is still suboptimal. Evidence suggests that different factors could influence parents' choices regarding their children's vaccination uptake.

Regenerable chitosan-biochar-TiO composite sponges for hazardous pollutants removal from water: The case of carbamazepine.

Water pollution is a significant worldwide problem, and research studies in this field are still in progress to find strategies for removing pollutants from water. Among the others, adsorption process seems to exhibit several advantages, especially when biomasses are in use. This work proposes biochar from olive pomace pyrolysis for adsorbing contaminants from water, in synergistic combination with TiO, for constituting water-stable and recyclable composite chitosan-based sponges.

Evaluation of Five Ready-to-Use Bases for the Topical Administration of Propranolol Hydrochloride to Treat Infantile Hemangioma.

: Since 2008, following clinical studies conducted on children that revealed the ability of the β-adrenergic antagonist propranolol to inhibit capillary growth in infantile hemangiomas (IHs), its oral administration has become the first-line treatment for IHs. Although oral propranolol therapy at a dosage of 3 mg/kg/die is effective, it can cause systemic adverse reactions. This therapy is not necessarily applicable to all patients.

Behavior of Olive Genotypes Against Quick Decline Syndrome (QDS) Caused by subsp. in Apulia.

subsp. (), a quarantine pathogen in the European Union, severely threatens Mediterranean olive production, especially in southern Italy, where Olive Quick Decline Syndrome (OQDS) has devastated Apulian olive groves. This study addresses the urgent need to identify resistant olive genotypes by monitoring 16 potentially tolerant genotypes over six years, assessing symptom severity and bacterial load.

Silver -Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) Complexes as Antimicrobial and/or Anticancer Agents.

The strict connections/interactions between microbial infections and cancer are nowadays widely accepted. Hence, the dual (or multiple) targeting of microbial infections and cancer is an essential issue to be addressed. In this context, metal complexes have gained considerable importance and effectiveness in medicinal chemistry.

Predictive Value of the DETECT Algorithm for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Systemic Sclerosis: Findings from an Italian Observational Study.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a complication of systemic sclerosis (SSc), and several screening algorithms have been proposed for the early detection of PAH in SSc. This study aimed to evaluate the predicting values of the DETECT algorithm for SSc-PAH screening in patients with SSc undergoing right heart catheterization (RHC) based on 2015 ESC/ERS echocardiographic criteria in a real-life setting. Patients fulfilling the 2013 ACR/EULAR classification criteria for SSc and with available data for PAH screening with the DETECT algorithm and the 2015 ESC/ERS echocardiographic criteria were retrospectively enrolled from January to June 2017 and then followed for 5 years.

Prevalence and Clinical Risk Factors of Thyroid Cancer in Retrosternal Goiter: A Retrospective Comparative Study with Cervical Multinodular Goiter.

Surgical intervention in asymptomatic retrosternal goiter (RSG) is debated in the absence of suspicious cytology, while performing fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is challenging in thyroids with mediastinal extension. The rate of unexpected thyroid cancers found at the time of thyroidectomy varies widely, while the notion of increased cancer incidence in RSG with respect to cervical goiters is still controversial. We retrospectively reviewed 411 patients with a preoperative diagnosis of multinodular goiter (MNG) (114 retrosternal, 297 cervical) who underwent thyroidectomy at an academic endocrine surgery referral center between January 2019 and October 2022.

Choroidal Remodeling After Subthreshold Micropulse Laser in Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy: Short-Term Outcomes.

: To evaluate the effects of subthreshold micropulse laser treatment (SMLT) on choroidal architecture in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) and their correlations with functional outcomes. : This retrospective study included 48 eyes with chronic CSC that were treated with 577 nm SMLT. The choroidal thickness (CT); Sattler's layer and choriocapillaris complex thickness (SLCCT); Haller's layer thickness (HLT); subretinal fluid (SRF); and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were assessed at baseline and at 2 months post treatment.

Chitosan-Based Schiff Bases (CSBs) and Their Metal Complexes: Promising Antimicrobial Agents.

The scientific interest in the chemical modification of chitosan to increase its solubility and application has led to its conjugation with Schiff bases, which are interesting scaffolds endowed with diverse biological properties. The resultant chitosan-based Schiff bases (CSBs) are widely studied in scientific literature due to the myriad of activities exerted, both catalytic and biological, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and especially antimicrobial ones. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the major public health challenges of the twenty-first century because it represents a threat to the prevention and treatment of a growing number of bacterial, parasitic, viral, and fungal infections that are no longer treatable with the available drugs.

New Record of and Confirmed Occurrence of (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) as Parasitoids of (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in Italy.

(Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) is recorded here for the first time in Italy as a parasitoid of the whitefly (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), one of the most invasive alien pests of exotic species. originating from the Oriental region, has established a global presence. Monitoring of the whitefly and its parasitoids was conducted in the southern areas of Italy, providing crucial insights into their distribution and interactions.

Poliprotect, a Medical Device Made of Substances, Potently Protects the Human Esophageal Mucosa Challenged by Multiple Agents: Evidence from In Vitro and Ex Vivo Electrophysiological Models.

The integrity of esophageal epithelial cells in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or GERD-like symptoms is the first mechanism of protection to decrease the sensitivity to gastric reflux and heartburn symptoms. We investigated the protective effects of Poliprotect (PPRO), a CE-marked medical device, on esophageal epithelial integrity using in vitro and ex vivo models. In vitro, the protective effects of PPRO were tested on Caco-2 cells.

The Role of Butirprost as an Adjuvant in Enhancing the Effect of Antibiotics in Patients Affected by Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis: A Randomized Prospective Trial.

Bacterial prostatitis (BP) is a common prostatic infection characterized by pain and urinary symptoms, often with negative bacterial cultures from prostatic secretions. It affects young and older men bimodally and impacts quality of life (QoL) significantly. : Treatment typically involves antibiotics, but a multimodal approach with additional nutraceuticals may enhance outcomes.