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A planar-sheet nongraphitic zero-bandgap sp carbon phase made by the low-temperature reaction of γ-graphyne.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
February 2025
Alan G. MacDiarmid NanoTech Institute, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080.
The highest sheet symmetry form of graphyne, with one triple bond between each neighboring hexagon in graphene, irreversibly transforms exothermically at ambient pressure and low temperatures into a nongraphitic, planar-sheet, zero-bandgap phase consisting of intrasheet-bonded sp carbons. The synthesis of this sp carbon phase is demonstrated, and other carbon phases are described for possible future synthesis from graphyne without breaking graphyne bonds. While measurements and theory indicate that the reacting graphyne becomes nonplanar because of sheet wrinkling produced by dimensional mismatch between reacted and nonreacted sheet regions, sheet planarity is regained when the reaction is complete.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfrared Ion Spectroscopy of Gaseous [Cu(2,2'-Bipyridine)]: Investigation of Jahn-Teller Elongation Versus Compression.
J Phys Chem A
January 2025
Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Symmetry breaking is ubiquitous in chemical transformations and affects various physicochemical properties of materials and molecules; Jahn-Teller (JT) distortion of hexa-coordinated transition-metal-ligand complexes falls within this paradigm. An uneven occupancy of degenerate 3d-orbitals forces the complex to adopt an axially elongated or compressed geometry, lowering the symmetry of the system and lifting the degeneracy. Coordination complexes of Cu are known to exhibit axial elongation, while compression is far less common, although this may be due to the lack of rigorous experimental verification.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSymmetry Breaking: Case Studies with Organic Cage-Racemates.
Acc Chem Res
January 2025
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
ConspectusSymmetry is a pervasive phenomenon spanning diverse fields, from art and architecture to mathematics and science. In the scientific realms, symmetry reveals fundamental laws, while symmetry breaking─the collapse of certain symmetry─is the underlying cause of phenomena. Research on symmetry and symmetry breaking consistently provides valuable insights across disciplines, from parity violation in physics to the origin of homochirality in biology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTunable optical nonreciprocity in double-cavity optomechanical system with nonreciprocal coupling.
Sci Rep
January 2025
College of Physics and Electronic Science, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, P. R. China.
We propose a double-cavity optomechanical system with nonreciprocal coupling to realize tunable optical nonreciprocity that has the prospect of making an optical device for the manipulation of information processing and communication. Here we investigate the steady-state dynamic processes of the double-cavity system and the transmission of optical waves from opposite cavity directions. The transmission spectrum of the probe field is presented in detail and the physical mechanism of the induced transparency window is analyzed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAsymmetric self-organization from a symmetric film by phase separation.
Nanoscale
January 2025
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1 Sensui-cho, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu 804-8550, Japan.
Self-organization realizes various nanostructures to control material properties such as superconducting vortex pinning and thermal conductivity. However, the self-organization of nucleation and growth is constrained by the growth geometric symmetry. To realize highly controlled three-dimensional nanostructures by self-organization, nanostructure formation that breaks the growth geometric symmetry thermodynamically and kinetically, such as tilted or in-plane aligned nanostructures, is a challenging issue.
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