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Gradient Surface Gallium-Doped Hematite Photoelectrode for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation.
Nano Lett
January 2025
Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials and Cells, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Efficient Solar Energy Utilization, Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology, Nankai University, 300350 Tianjin, China.
Hematite is a promising material for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water oxidation, but its photocurrent is limited by bulk charge recombination and poor oxidation kinetics. In this study, we report a high-performance FeO photoanode achieved through gradient surface gallium doping, utilizing a GaO overlayer on FeOOH precursors via atomic layer deposition (ALD) and co-annealing for Ga diffusion. The Ga-doped layer passivates surface states and modifies the band structure, creating a built-in electric field that enhances the charge separation efficiency.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTheoretical study on highly nitrated sensitive pyrazole isomers in the presence of external electric field.
J Mol Model
January 2025
College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
Context: This article mainly studies three isomers of CHNO, namely 5-methyl-3,4-dinitro-1- (trinitromethyl) -1H pyrazole (1), 4-methyl-3,5-dinitro-1- (trinitromethyl) -1H pyrazole (2), and 3,5-bis (dinitromethyl) -4-nitro-1H-pyrazole (3). These three substances are excellent candidates for energetic materials, but their properties under external electric fields (EEF) have not been studied. Therefore, this article studied the properties of three isomers under EEF using density functional theory (DFT), and conducted statistical analysis on the obtained data, including the molecular structure, frontier molecular orbitals, surface electrostatic potential, and nitrate charge of the three isomers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElectrokinetic flow instabilities in shear thinning fluids with conductivity gradients.
Soft Matter
January 2025
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
Instabilities in the form of periodic or irregular waves at the fluid interface have been demonstrated in microchannel electrokinetic flows with conductivity gradients when the applied electric field is above a threshold value. Most prior studies on electrokinetic instabilities (EKI) are restricted to Newtonian fluids though many of the chemical and biological samples in microfluidic applications exhibit non-Newtonian characteristics. We present in this work an experimental study of the effects of fluid shear thinning on the development of EKI waves through the addition of a small amount of xanthan gum (XG) polymer to both the high- and low-concentration Newtonian buffer solutions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSimultaneous Isolation and Preparation of Extracellular Vesicles by Circular Multicavity Electrophoresis.
Anal Chem
January 2025
Interdisciplinary, Molecular Biology of Biological Function, Changbai Mountain Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine of Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, China.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a crucial role in diagnosis and treatment, yet obtaining highly purified EVs from complex biological samples is often hindered by nanoscale contaminants. In this work, considering the charge-to-size characteristics of EVs, a circular multicavity electrophoresis (CME) with gradient pore size distribution was constructed in the gradient electric field to realize the isolation and preparation of EVs. By the gradient gel sieving effect, small cell debris, EVs, and proteins in biological samples were gradually separated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFiber Vector Light-Field-Based Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy.
Nano Lett
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Light Field Manipulation and Information Acquisition, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China.
Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) has been extensively employed to investigate the light-matter interaction at the nanoscale. However, the current TERS strategies lack the ability to excite the low-background inhomogeneous electromagnetic field with significant enhancement of electric field, electric field gradient, and optomagnetic field, simultaneously. To overcome this, we developed a fiber vector light-field-based TERS strategy aimed at exploring the multipole Raman scattering processes of molecules.
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