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Underwater paddling kinematics and hydrodynamics in a surface swimming duck versus a diving duck.
J Exp Biol
March 2025
School of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.
Some duck species mostly swim on the water surface while others frequently dive underwater. We compared the paddling kinematics of mandarin ducks (Axis galericulata) that feed on the surface and diving ferruginous pochards (Aythya nyroca) that feed underwater. Both species were trained to perform the same horizontal, submerged swimming at 1m depth in a controlled set-up.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUpdated Insights Into the Mechanism of Salt-Induced Aggregation-Based Single-Molecule Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy.
Adv Sci (Weinh)
March 2025
Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China.
Since its discovery in 1997, the single molecule surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SM-SERS) has attracted wide interest owing to its enormous potential in many fields. However, the commercialized applications of SM-SERS are still limited by the lack of a clear understanding of the relevant mechanism in the famous SM-SERS experiments. In this study, a salt-gradient model is proposed to deeply investigate the physical nature and update insights into the morphological, structural, and component evolution processes of Ag NPs from dispersed nanostructures to aggregation states in the salt-induced aggregation SERS strategy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEfficient Extraction, Chemical Characterization, and Bioactivity of Essential Oil From Pine Needles.
Phytochem Anal
March 2025
Jiangsu Co-Innovation Centre of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.
Introduction: Pine needles are a rich source of bioactive compounds, and there are few reports on the extraction and identification of active substances in various types of pine needles.
Objectives: The objective of this study is to enhance the efficiency and yield of pine needle essential oil extraction by employing an innovative ultrasonic-assisted salt-out hydrodistillation technology. It also aims to establish a correlation between gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and electronic nose (E-nose) to distinguish essential oils from Cedrus deodara, Pinus thunbergii, Pinus massoniana, and Pinus koraiensis.
Femtosecond laser-ablative aqueous synthesis of multi-drug antiviral nanoparticles.
Nanomedicine (Lond)
March 2025
Department of Chemistry and The Institute for Laser, Photonics, and Biophotonics, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.
Background: Nanomedicine offers a number of innovative strategies to address major public health burdens, including complex respiratory illnesses. In this work, we introduce a multi-drug nanoparticle fabricated using femtosecond laser ablation for the treatment of influenza, SARS-CoV-2, and their co-infections.
Methods: The SARS-CoV-2 antiviral, remdesivir; the influenza antiviral, baloxavir marboxil; and the anti-inflammatory, dexamethasone, were co-crystalized and then ablated in aqueous media using a femtosecond pulsed laser and subsequently surface modified with the cationic polymer, chitosan, or poly-d-lysine.
Photocatalyzed Aerobic Oxidation of Thiols to Disulfides Using CuO Polyhedra.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
March 2025
Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan.
To further demonstrate semiconductor facet effect to photocatalytic organic transformations and address a lack of using simple polyhedral semiconductor particles for disulfide bond formation, CuO cubes, octahedra, and rhombic dodecahedra were used to photocatalyze aerobic oxidation of 4-methylbenzenethiol. After reaction condition optimization, CuO crystals and ,,','-tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) were added to 4-methylbenzenethiol in ethanol for thiol oxidation to 1,2-di--tolyldisulfane under 390 nm light-emitting diode (LED) lamp irradiation for just 5 min. Rhombic dodecahedra gave the highest product yield, followed by octahedra, cubes, and commercial CuO powder.
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