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High-Precision Determination of the Pion-Nucleon σ Term from Roy-Steiner Equations.
Phys Rev Lett
August 2015
Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik (Theorie) and Bethe Center for Theoretical Physics, Universität Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany.
We present a determination of the pion-nucleon (πN) σ term σ_{πN} based on the Cheng-Dashen low-energy theorem (LET), taking advantage of the recent high-precision data from pionic atoms to pin down the πN scattering lengths as well as of constraints from analyticity, unitarity, and crossing symmetry in the form of Roy-Steiner equations to perform the extrapolation to the Cheng-Dashen point in a reliable manner. With isospin-violating corrections included both in the scattering lengths and the LET, we obtain σ_{πN}=(59.1±1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHow low-energy weak reactions can constrain three-nucleon forces and the neutron-neutron scattering length.
Phys Rev Lett
June 2006
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA.
We show that chiral symmetry and gauge invariance enforce relations between the short-distance physics that occurs in a number of electroweak and pionic reactions on light nuclei. Within chiral perturbation theory, this is manifested via the appearance of the same axial isovector two-body contact term in pi(-)d --> nngamma, p-wave pion production in NN collisions, tritium beta decay, pp fusion, nud scattering, and the hep reaction. Using a Gamow-Teller matrix element obtained from calculations of pp fusion as input, we compute the neutron spectrum obtained in pi(-)d --> nngamma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn-medium isovector piN amplitude from low-energy pion scattering.
Phys Rev Lett
September 2004
Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
Differential cross sections for elastic scattering of 21.5 MeV positive and negative pions by Si, Ca, Ni, and Zr have been measured as part of a study of the pion-nucleus potential across the threshold. The "anomalous" repulsion in the s-wave term was observed, as is the case with pionic atoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLow-energy X-ray standards from hydrogenlike pionic atoms.
Phys Rev Lett
December 2003
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece.
We demonstrate the first step of a complete program, which consists in establishing an x-ray energy standard scale with the use of few-body atoms, in the few keV range. Light pionic and muonic atoms as well as one and two-electron ions from electron-cyclotron ion sources are used. The transition energies are calculable from quantum-electrodynamics, meaning that only a very limited subset need be measured and compared with theory, while providing a large number of standard lines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHydrodynamics of nuclear matter in the chiral limit.
Phys Rev Lett
April 2000
Physics Department, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027 and and RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA.
Using the Poisson bracket method, we construct the hydrodynamics of nuclear matter in the chiral limit, which describes the dynamics of all low-energy degrees of freedom, including the fluid-dynamical and pionic ones. The hydrodynamic equations contain, beside five Euler equations of relativistic fluid dynamics, N(2)(f)-1 second order equations describing propagating pions and N(2)(f)-1 first order equations describing the advection of the vector isospin charges. We present hydrodynamic arguments showing that the pion velocity vanishes at the second order phase transition at N(f) = 2.
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