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Generative Modeling of Nucleon-Nucleon Interactions.
Phys Rev Lett
December 2024
Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
Article Synopsis
- The study addresses the challenges of creating precise models for the nuclear force and managing uncertainties in quantum many-body calculations, which are crucial for understanding nuclei and nuclear matter.
- Researchers use generative machine learning to develop new nucleon-nucleon interaction instances by training on existing potential data from literature.
- The generative model successfully creates nucleon-nucleon potentials that yield high-quality scattering phase shifts, aiding in better estimation of theoretical uncertainties in nuclear calculations related to different nuclear interactions and resolution scales.
Altered Nigral Amide Proton Transfer Imaging Signal Concordant With Motor Asymmetry in Parkinson's Disease: A Multipool CEST MRI Study.
NMR Biomed
February 2025
Department of Radiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Asymmetry is a natural characteristic of Parkinson's disease (PD), which can be used to distinguish PD from atypical parkinsonism. Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) has demonstrated value in reflecting the subtle changes related to neuron loss and abnormal protein accumulation in PD but has not been used to investigate asymmetry in PD. This study aimed to examine asymmetrical changes in the mesencephalic nucleus of PD patients with motor asymmetry using four-pool CEST analysis and to explore the relationship between imaging asymmetry and motor asymmetry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRapid kinetics of H transport by membrane pyrophosphatase: Evidence for a "direct-coupling" mechanism.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
January 2025
Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119899, Russia. Electronic address:
Stress resistance-conferring membrane pyrophosphatase (mPPase) found in microbes and plants couples pyrophosphate hydrolysis with H transport out of the cytoplasm. There are two opposing views on the energy-coupling mechanism in this transporter: the pumping is associated with either pyrophosphate binding to mPPase or the hydrolysis step. We used our recently developed stopped-flow pyranine assay to measure H transport into mPPase-containing inverted membrane vesicles on the timescale of a single turnover.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDose optimization of extended collimators in boron neutron capture therapy.
Biomed Phys Eng Express
December 2024
Shandong Key Laboratory of Neutron Science and Technology, International Academy of Neutron Science, Qingdao 266199, People's Republic of China.
In this paper, we propose the design of extending collimators aimed at reducing the radiation dose received by patients with normal tissues and protecting organs at risk in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT). Three types of extended collimators are studied: Type 1, which is a traditional design; Type 2, which is built upon Type 1 by incorporating additional polyethylene material containing lithium fluoride (PE(LiF)); Type 3, which adds lead (Pb) to Type 1. We evaluated the dose distribution characteristics of the above-extended collimators using Monte Carlo methods simulations under different configurations: in air, in a homogeneous phantom, and a humanoid phantom model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeutron dose estimation by 24Na measurements in the triage of exposed individuals after criticality accidents: a case study of the Tokaimura criticality accident.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry
December 2024
Institute for Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (NIRS-QST), 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555 Japan.
We investigated the neutron dose estimation for the triage of personnel involved in criticality accidents by conducting 24Na measurements via the whole-body measurement method. For a case study, we examined the September 1999 Japan Nuclear Fuel Conversion Co. criticality accident (internationally known as "the Tokaimura accident").
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