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Cosmological Bounces Induced by a Fermion Condensate.
Phys Rev Lett
September 2023
Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA.
We show that it is possible for fermion condensation of the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio type to induce a nonsingular bounce that smoothly connects a phase of slow contraction to a phase of expansion. A chiral condensate-a nonzero vacuum expectation value of the spinor bilinear ⟨Ψ[over ¯]Ψ⟩-can form spontaneously after a slow contraction phase smooths and flattens the universe and the Ricci curvature exceeds a critical value. In this approach, a high density of spin-aligned free fermions is not required, which avoids the problem of generating a large anisotropy and initiating chaotic mixmaster behavior during the bounce phase.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFrom hadrons to quarks in neutron stars: a review.
Rep Prog Phys
May 2018
Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1110 W. Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, United States of America. iTHES Research Group, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. The Niels Bohr International Academy, The Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
In recent years our understanding of neutron stars has advanced remarkably, thanks to research converging from many directions. The importance of understanding neutron star behavior and structure has been underlined by the recent direct detection of gravitational radiation from merging neutron stars. The clean identification of several heavy neutron stars, of order two solar masses, challenges our current understanding of how dense matter can be sufficiently stiff to support such a mass against gravitational collapse.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProper time regularization and the QCD chiral phase transition.
Sci Rep
April 2017
Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
We study the QCD chiral phase transition at finite temperature and finite quark chemical potential within the two flavor Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model, where a generalization of the proper-time regularization scheme is motivated and implemented. We find that in the chiral limit the whole transition line in the phase diagram is of second order, whereas for finite quark masses a crossover is observed. Moreover, if we take into account the influence of quark condensate to the coupling strength (which also provides a possible way of how the effective coupling varies with temperature and quark chemical potential), it is found that a CEP may appear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTime-dependent Hartree-Fock solution of Gross-Neveu models: twisted-kink constituents of baryons and breathers.
Phys Rev Lett
September 2013
Physics Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA.
We find the general solution to the time-dependent Hartree-Fock problem for the Gross-Neveu models, with both discrete (GN(2)) and continuous [Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL(2))] chiral symmetry. We find new multibaryon, multibreather, and twisted breather solutions, and show that all GN(2) baryons and breathers are composed of constituent twisted kinks of the NJL(2) model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHow many phases meet at the chiral critical point?
Phys Rev Lett
August 2009
Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
We explore the phase diagram of Nambu-Jona-Lasinio-type models near the chiral critical point allowing for phases with spatially inhomogeneous chiral condensates. In the chiral limit it turns out that the region in the mean-field phase diagram where those phases are energetically preferred very generically reaches out to the chiral critical point. The preferred inhomogeneous ground state in this vicinity possibly resembles a lattice of domain wall solitons.
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