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Epithermal neutron activation dosimetry-(n, γ) reactions under boron-based filters.
Sci Rep
November 2024
Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova Cesta 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Neutron activation dosimetry is the primary method for the determination of the neutron flux or fluence, and in general, it is sensitive to the thermal and resonance energy ranges (radiative capture reactions- reactions) and the fast energy range (threshold reactions). However, there are very few nuclear reactions which are sensitive specifically to neutrons in the intermediate-epithermal-energy region. This energy region, along with the fast energy range, will become particularly important in the development and deployment of new reactor technologies (Generation IV reactors and Small Modular Reactors-SMRs), which are currently being championed as technologies enabling a meaningful contribution to decarbonization and the fight against climate change, as well as nuclear fusion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExciton-harvesting enabled efficient charged particle detection in zero-dimensional halides.
Light Sci Appl
August 2024
Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201899, China.
Article Synopsis
- Materials for radiation detection are essential across various fields such as science, medicine, security, and environmental monitoring, and low-dimensional halides (LDHs) have shown promise as scintillators due to their efficient photon emission.
- An innovative approach significantly improves exciton-harvesting in zero-dimensional CsCuI:Tl single crystals by suppressing harmful exciton interactions, leading to impressive performance metrics, including a high scintillation yield and excellent discrimination capabilities for detecting radiation.
- The research highlights CsCuI:Tl's potential in practical applications, such as a radiation detector prototype capable of identifying radioactive gases, showcasing the broader usefulness of LDH materials in radiation detection.
Impact of mid-Z gas fill on dynamics and performance of shock-driven implosions at the OMEGA laser.
Phys Rev E
June 2024
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Shock-driven implosions with 100% deuterium (D_{2}) gas fill compared to implosions with 50:50 nitrogen-deuterium (N_{2}D_{2}) gas fill have been performed at the OMEGA laser facility to test the impact of the added mid-Z fill gas on implosion performance. Ion temperature (T_{ion}) as inferred from the width of measured DD-neutron spectra is seen to be 34%±6% higher for the N_{2}D_{2} implosions than for the D_{2}-only case, while the DD-neutron yield from the D_{2}-only implosion is 7.2±0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElevated Electron Temperature Coincident with Observed Fusion Reactions in a Sheared-Flow-Stabilized Z Pinch.
Phys Rev Lett
April 2024
Zap Energy Inc., Seattle, Washington 98203, USA.
The sheared-flow-stabilized Z pinch concept has been studied extensively and is able to produce fusion-relevant plasma parameters along with neutron production over several microseconds. We present here elevated electron temperature results spatially and temporally coincident with the plasma neutron source. An optical Thomson scattering apparatus designed for the FuZE device measures temperatures in the range of 1-3 keV on the axis of the device, 20 cm downstream of the nose cone.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe impact of low-mode symmetry on inertial fusion energy output in the burning plasma state.
Nat Commun
April 2024
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA, 94551-0808, USA.
Indirect Drive Inertial Confinement Fusion Experiments on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) have achieved a burning plasma state with neutron yields exceeding 170 kJ, roughly 3 times the prior record and a necessary stage for igniting plasmas. The results are achieved despite multiple sources of degradations that lead to high variability in performance. Results shown here, for the first time, include an empirical correction factor for mode-2 asymmetry in the burning plasma regime in addition to previously determined corrections for radiative mix and mode-1.
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