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Constraining Light QCD Axions with Isolated Neutron Star Cooling.
Phys Rev Lett
December 2024
Departament de Física Aplicada, Universitat d'Alacant, 03690 Alicante, Spain.
The existence of light QCD axions, whose mass depends on an additional free parameter, can lead to a new ground state of matter, where the sourced axion field reduces the nucleon effective mass. The presence of the axion field has structural consequences, in particular, it results in a thinner (or even prevents its existence) heat-blanketing envelope, significantly altering the cooling patterns of neutron stars. We exploit the anomalous cooling behavior to constrain previously uncharted regions of the axion parameter space by comparing model predictions with existing data from isolated neutron stars.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransverse Momentum Distributions from Lattice QCD without Wilson Lines.
Phys Rev Lett
December 2024
Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA.
The transverse-momentum-dependent distributions (TMDs), which are defined by gauge-invariant 3D parton correlators with staple-shaped lightlike Wilson lines, can be calculated from quark and gluon correlators fixed in the Coulomb gauge on a Euclidean lattice. These quantities can be expressed gauge invariantly as the correlators of Coulomb-gauge-dressed fields, which reduce to the standard TMD correlators under principal-value prescription in the infinite boost limit. In the framework of large-momentum effective theory, a quasi-TMD defined from such correlators in a large-momentum hadron state can be matched to the TMD via a factorization formula, whose exact form is derived using soft collinear effective theory and verified at one-loop order.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTwo-Loop Quarkonium Hamiltonian in Nonannihilation Channel.
Phys Rev Lett
December 2024
Center for Gravitational Physics and Quantum Information, Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
We calculate the two-loop heavy quarkonium Hamiltonian within potential-nonrelativistic-QCD effective field theory in the nonannihilation channel. This calculation represents the first nontrivial step toward determining the N^{4}LO Hamiltonian in the weak coupling regime. The large amount of computation is systematically handled by employing the β expansion, differential equations for master integrals, and adopting a single-step matching procedure, in contrast to the conventional two-step approach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNonperturbative Effects in Energy Correlators: From Characterizing Confinement Transition to Improving α_{s} Extraction.
Phys Rev Lett
December 2024
Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Energy correlators provide a powerful observable to study fragmentation dynamics in QCD. We demonstrate that the leading nonperturbative corrections for projected N-point energy correlators are described by the same universal parameter for any N, which has already been determined from other event shape fits. Including renormalon-free nonperturbative corrections substantially improves theoretical predictions of energy correlators, notably the transition into the confining region at small angles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFω Meson from Lattice QCD.
Phys Rev Lett
November 2024
Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik (Theorie) and Bethe Center for Theoretical Physics, Universität Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
Many excited states in the hadron spectrum have large branching ratios to three-hadron final states. Understanding such particles from first principles QCD requires input from lattice QCD with one-, two-, and three-meson interpolators as well as a reliable three-body formalism relating finite-volume spectra at unphysical pion mass values to the scattering amplitudes at the physical point. In this work, we provide the first-ever calculation of the resonance parameters of the ω meson from lattice QCD, including an update of the formalism through matching to effective field theories.
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