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Exploring transparent reporting and data availability in systematic reviews to identify subgroup evidence: imaging for suspected hepatocellular carcinoma in the non-cirrhotic liver.
Orphanet J Rare Dis
October 2024
Cochrane Netherlands, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
We aim to illustrate the role of complete and transparent reporting coupled with access to data sourced from published systematic reviews, especially assisting in the identification of evidence for subgroups within the context of a rare disease. To accomplish this principle, we provide a real-world example encountered during the revision of the Dutch clinical practice guideline for hepatocellular carcinoma. Specifically, we retrieved insights from two Cochrane reviews to identify direct evidence concerning the diagnostic test accuracy of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for detecting hepatocellular carcinomas in suspected patients without liver cirrhosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDigitizing the Culicidae collection of Naturalis Biodiversity Center, with a special focus on the former Bonne-Wepster subcollection.
GigaByte
July 2023
Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Natural history collections contain a wealth of information on species diversity, distribution and ecology. However, due to historical and practical constraints, this valuable information is not always available to researchers. Our project aimed at unlocking data handwritten in notebooks owned by Johanna Bonne-Wepster, a Culicidae researcher.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProceedings from the First Global Artificial Intelligence in Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Summit.
Gastrointest Endosc
October 2020
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas, USA.
Background And Aims: Artificial intelligence (AI), specifically deep learning, offers the potential to enhance the field of GI endoscopy in areas ranging from lesion detection and classification to quality metrics and documentation. Progress in this field will be measured by whether AI implementation can lead to improved patient outcomes and more efficient clinical workflow for GI endoscopists. The aims of this article are to report the findings of a multidisciplinary group of experts focusing on issues in AI research and applications related to gastroenterology and endoscopy, to review the current status of the field, and to produce recommendations for investigators developing and studying new AI technologies for gastroenterology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPositive selection of deleterious alleles through interaction with a sex-ratio suppressor gene in African Buffalo: a plausible new mechanism for a high frequency anomaly.
PLoS One
July 2015
Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa.
Although generally rare, deleterious alleles can become common through genetic drift, hitchhiking or reductions in selective constraints. Here we present a possible new mechanism that explains the attainment of high frequencies of deleterious alleles in the African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) population of Kruger National Park, through positive selection of these alleles that is ultimately driven by a sex-ratio suppressor. We have previously shown that one in four Kruger buffalo has a Y-chromosome profile that, despite being associated with low body condition, appears to impart a relative reproductive advantage, and which is stably maintained through a sex-ratio suppressor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWidespread horizontal genomic exchange does not erode species barriers among sympatric ducks.
BMC Evol Biol
April 2012
Resource Ecology Group, Wageningen University, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Background: The study of speciation and maintenance of species barriers is at the core of evolutionary biology. During speciation the genome of one population becomes separated from other populations of the same species, which may lead to genomic incompatibility with time. This separation is complete when no fertile offspring is produced from inter-population matings, which is the basis of the biological species concept.
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