On the basis of 7 cases representing the essential types of aetiology of Cushing's syndrome, it is possible to define the value, limitations and role of adrenal scintigraphy using 131I-19-iodocholesterol in the diagnostic investigation of hypercortisolism. The essential value of the investigation is morphological rather than functional drome. Thus adrenal scintigraphy has the same role in diagnostic investigation as various radiological procedures such as pneumoperitoneum and angiography. The latter, however, are technically difficult and fraught with risk, in contrast to the isotopic examination. The principle limitations of the method are not dosimetric but lie in the relative difficulty of interpretation of the documents obtained.
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Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
December 2024
One Health Research Group, Universidad de las Americas, Quito, Ecuador.
Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors derived from chromaffin cells, with 80-85% originating in the adrenal medulla and 15-20% from extra-adrenal chromaffin tissues (paragangliomas). Approximately 30-40% of PPGLs have a hereditary component, making them one of the most genetically predisposed tumor types. Recent advances in genetic research have classified PPGLs into three molecular clusters: pseudohypoxia-related, kinase-signaling, and -signaling pathway variants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJCEM Case Rep
January 2025
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Ishikawa, Japan.
Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL) are rare chromaffin-cell tumors producing adrenaline and/or noradrenaline, or solely dopamine. A 52-year-old man presenting with hypertension (141/79 mm Hg) and weight loss (10 kg in 6 months) was admitted to our hospital. Computed tomography revealed a massive right adrenal mass (150 mm) with partial necrosis, accompanied by multiple liver nodules.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTheranostics
December 2024
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China.
Distinguishing unilateral aldosterone-producing adenomas (APA) from idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA), nonfunctional adrenal adenoma (NFA), and pheochromocytoma (PHEO) within primary aldosteronism (PA) presents a significant challenge. Studies have demonstrated high levels of chemokine receptor (CXCR) 4 expression in APA, thereby validating the use of Ga-labeled CXCR4 PET/CT for detecting APA. This study evaluates the efficacy of [F]AlF-NOTA-pentixather PET/CT in distinguishing APA from other PA types.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurogastroenterol Motil
December 2024
Department of Gastroenterology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.
Background: Autonomic dysfunction may contribute to symptom generation in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), possibly driven by psychological morbidity and activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Previous data are conflicting, perhaps due to lack of accounting for differential bowel patterns in IBS (constipation vs. diarrhea) or by diverse methodologies used to measure autonomic function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHum Vaccin Immunother
December 2024
Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
This case study details an innovative conversion therapy strategy in a 58-year-old Asian male with baseline stage cTNM advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) harboring a rare exon 20 insertion mutation with concurrent high PD-L1 expression who achieved a pathologic complete response (pCR) after preoperative immunotherapy plus chemotherapy. The patient initially presented with coughing and bloody sputum and was comprehensively diagnosed via PET/CT scanning, bronchoscopic biopsy and next-generation sequencing. After four cycles of platinum‒paclitaxel chemotherapy plus immunotherapy with pembrolizumab (a PD-1 blockade), significant primary tumor shrinkage and the disappearance of oligometastasis in the right adrenal gland were discovered via CT scans.
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