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Gynecological Insights into Lynch Syndrome-A Comprehensive Review of Cancer Screening and Prevention.
Medicina (Kaunas)
December 2024
Medicine School, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
Lynch syndrome, one of the most common genetic syndromes predisposing to cancer, is associated with a series of malignant conditions, among which the most frequent is colorectal cancer, but gynecologic cancers (especially endometrial) are also quite common. Despite the significant progress made in understanding this condition over time, there are still aspects in managing this condition that have not demonstrated clear benefits. This article aims to summarize the recommendations of international societies and present the latest developments in managing Lynch syndrome, focusing on gynecologic cancer screening and possible prevention strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHER2-Positive Serous Endometrial Cancer Treatment: Current Clinical Practice and Future Directions.
Medicina (Kaunas)
December 2024
5th Department of Oncology, Metropolitan General Hospital, 155 62 Athens, Greece.
The most common histological subtypes of endometrial cancer consist of endometrioid and uterine serous carcinoma, with the latter being more aggressive and accompanied by poor prognosis. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor associated with cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. HER2 positivity can be diagnosed in many solid tumors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHYSPAIN CLINICAL TRIAL Testing the Efficacy of Paracervical Anesthesia for Pain Control During Office Hysteroscopy: A Randomized, Single-Center, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.
J Clin Med
December 2024
Gynaecology and Obstetrics Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, 28222 Madrid, Spain.
Hysteroscopy is a key gynecological procedure for diagnosing and treating endometrial conditions. While hysteroscopy is often performed in office settings without sedation, patients frequently report significant pain during the procedure. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of paracervical anesthesia with mepivacaine compared to placebo in managing pain during office hysteroscopy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdvancements in Minimally Invasive Techniques and Biomarkers for the Early Detection of Endometrial Cancer: A Comprehensive Review of Novel Diagnostic Approaches and Clinical Implications.
J Clin Med
December 2024
Federal State Budgetary Institution "National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov", Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Oparina Street, Bld. 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia.
This review evaluates the advances in the early detection and diagnosis of endometrial cancer (EC), emphasizing the growing importance of minimally invasive techniques and novel biomarkers. Current diagnostic protocols for EC rely heavily on invasive procedures such as transvaginal ultrasound (TVU), hysteroscopy, and endometrial biopsy, which, although effective, can be overly burdensome for patients and inefficient for asymptomatic or low-risk populations. As there is no consensus on EC screening in high-risk or general populations, recent studies have explored alternative methods using biofluids and genomic biomarkers to improve sensitivity and specificity and facilitate access for patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiagnostic Potential of Cytokine Biomarkers in Endometriosis: Challenges and Insights.
Biomedicines
December 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania.
Endometriosis is a common gynecological condition affecting approximately 10% of women of reproductive age, characterized by the abnormal presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus. Although endometriosis was first described over 300 years ago, its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood, and accurate, prompt diagnosis continues to be challenging. Currently, there is a lack of effective, non-invasive diagnostic methods, and available treatments often come with significant side effects and high recurrence rates.
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