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Spontaneous base flipping helps drive Nsp15's preferences in double stranded RNA substrates.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 111 T. W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA.
Coronaviruses evade detection by the host immune system with the help of the endoribonuclease Nsp15, which regulates levels of viral double stranded RNA by cleaving 3' of uridine (U). While prior structural data shows that to cleave double stranded RNA, Nsp15's target U must be flipped out of the helix, it is not yet understood whether Nsp15 initiates flipping or captures spontaneously flipped bases. We address this gap by designing fluorinated double stranded RNA substrates that allow us to directly relate a U's sequence context to both its tendency to spontaneously flip and its susceptibility to cleavage by Nsp15.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenetically Engineered, Multichromophore Virus-Like Nanoparticles with Ultranarrow Distribution of Emission Intensity.
ACS Nano
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States.
Article Synopsis
- Variance in optical mesoscopic probes limits applications, especially as smaller probes show greater relative variance.
- Specific viral protein cages, like the murine polyoma virus, can assemble efficiently and accurately, minimizing statistical fluctuations due to quality control.
- An approach leveraging this assembly results in multichromophore particles that produce brighter, more consistent fluorescence than existing fluorescent nanosphere probes, validated by mass spectrometry and fluorescence microscopy.
Conformational landscape of soluble α-klotho revealed by cryogenic electron microscopy.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
α-Klotho (KLA) is a type-1 membranous protein that can associate with fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) to form co-receptor for FGF23. The ectodomain of unassociated KLA is shed as soluble KLA (sKLA) to exert FGFR/FGF23-independent pleiotropic functions. The previously determined X-ray crystal structure of the extracellular region of sKLA in complex with FGF23 and FGFR1c suggests that sKLA functions solely as an on-demand coreceptor for FGF23.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTowards non-blinking and photostable perovskite quantum dots.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 73019, USA.
Surface defect-induced photoluminescence blinking and photodarkening are ubiquitous in lead halide perovskite quantum dots. Despite efforts to stabilize the surface by chemically engineering ligand binding moieties, blinking accompanied by photodegradation still poses barriers to implementing perovskite quantum dots in quantum emitters. To date, ligand tail engineering in the solid state has rarely been explored for perovskite quantum dots.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFColloidal Nanoparticles Hold Elementary Charge in Nonpolar Solvent.
Nano Lett
January 2025
College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
The net charge of individual nanoparticles in nonpolar solvents plays a critical role in their intrinsic properties like charge carrier lifetime, electron transport, and interparticle interactions. However, there is a long-standing belief that the oil-dispersed nanoparticles inherently possess no net charge. This work presents an approach for directly quantifying the net charge of individual nanoparticles.
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