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Plasticity in Amorphous Solids Is Mediated by Topological Defects in the Displacement Field.
Phys Rev Lett
July 2021
Department of Physics "A. Pontremoli, " University of Milan, via Celoria 16, 20133 Milan, Italy.
The microscopic mechanism by which amorphous solids yield plastically under an externally applied stress or deformation has remained elusive in spite of enormous research activity in recent years. Most approaches have attempted to identify atomic-scale structural "defects" or spatiotemporal correlations in the undeformed glass that may trigger plastic instability. In contrast, in this Letter we show that the topological defects that correlate with plastic instability can be identified, not in the static structure of the glass, but rather in the nonaffine displacement field under deformation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMoiré pattern of interference dislocations in condensate of indirect excitons.
Nat Commun
February 2021
Materials Department, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
Interference patterns provide direct measurement of coherent propagation of matter waves in quantum systems. Superfluidity in Bose-Einstein condensates of excitons can enable long-range ballistic exciton propagation and can lead to emerging long-scale interference patterns. Indirect excitons (IXs) are formed by electrons and holes in separated layers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVertically aligned InGaN nanowires with engineered axial In composition for highly efficient visible light emission.
Sci Rep
November 2015
Department of Physics, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea.
We report on the fabrication of novel InGaN nanowires (NWs) with improved crystalline quality and high radiative efficiency for applications as nanoscale visible light emitters. Pristine InGaN NWs grown under a uniform In/Ga molar flow ratio (UIF) exhibited multi-peak white-like emission and a high density of dislocation-like defects. A phase separation and broad emission with non-uniform luminescent clusters were also observed for a single UIF NW investigated by spatially resolved cathodoluminescence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAtomic structure of amorphous shear bands in boron carbide.
Nat Commun
April 2014
WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
Amorphous shear bands are the main deformation and failure mode of super-hard boron carbide subjected to shock loading and high pressures at room temperature. Nevertheless, the formation mechanisms of the amorphous shear bands remain a long-standing scientific curiosity mainly because of the lack of experimental structure information of the disordered shear bands, comprising light elements of carbon and boron only. Here we report the atomic structure of the amorphous shear bands in boron carbide characterized by state-of-the-art aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHigh-resolution ultrahigh-vacuum electron microscopy of helical gold nanowires: junction and thinning process.
J Electron Microsc (Tokyo)
June 2003
Tokyo Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan.
Helical multishell (HMS) gold nanowires were observed in situ by ultra-high-vacuum electron microscopy. During thinning of the helical nanowire, a junction was formed between two nanowires of different diameter. The structure of the gold junction is proposed in comparison with the multiwall carbon nanotube.
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