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The effects of xylazine on locomotion and motor behaviour in a planarian model.
Behav Pharmacol
January 2025
Department of Psychology, Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts, Massachusetts, USA.
In recent years, the recreational use of xylazine has increased dramatically in the USA. Although xylazine has been used as an anesthetic in veterinary medicine for decades, little is known about its behavioral effects. We took advantage of the planarian's innate negative phototaxis, the reliable movement from the light side to the dark side of a Petri dish, to explore the organism's suitability as an animal model for investigating the preclinical pharmacology of xylazine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElectroacupuncture alleviates motor dysfunction after intracerebral hemorrhage via the PPARγ-EAAT2 pathway.
Neuroreport
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery.
Nowadays, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the main cause of death and disability, and motor impairment is a common sequel to ICH. Electroacupuncture (EA) has been widely used for functional recovery after ICH. However, its role and associated regulatory mechanisms in rehabilitation after ICH remain poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparison of stop-jump muscle synergies in amateur basketball players with and without asymptomatic patellar tendon abnormalities during simulated games.
Acta Bioeng Biomech
September 2024
Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
: Asymptomatic patellar tendon abnormality (APTA) is considered a precursor to patellar tendinopathy (PT), but its pathogenesis remains unclear, especially regarding changes in muscle coordination. Therefore, it is essential to explore the muscle synergy patterns in individuals with APTA. This study recorded sEMG data during stop-jump tasks in 8 APTA and 8 healthy amateur male basketball players in a simulated basketball game.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDendritic alterations precede age-related dysphagia and nucleus ambiguus motor neuron death.
J Physiol
January 2025
Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Motor neurons (MNs) within the nucleus ambiguus innervate the skeletal muscles of the larynx, pharynx and oesophagus, which are essential for swallow. Disordered swallow (dysphagia) is a serious problem in elderly humans, increasing the risk of aspiration, a key contributor to mortality. Despite this importance, very little is known about the pathophysiology of ageing dysphagia and the relative importance of frank muscle weakness compared to timing/activation abnormalities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Electric fields used in clinical trials with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) are small, with magnitudes that have yet to demonstrate measurable effects in preclinical animal models. We hypothesized that weak stimulation will nevertheless produce sizable effects, provided that it is applied concurrently with behavioral training, and repeated over multiple sessions. We tested this here in a rodent model of dexterous motor-skill learning.
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