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Attosecond delays in X-ray molecular ionization.
Nature
August 2024
Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
The photoelectric effect is not truly instantaneous but exhibits attosecond delays that can reveal complex molecular dynamics. Sub-femtosecond-duration light pulses provide the requisite tools to resolve the dynamics of photoionization. Accordingly, the past decade has produced a large volume of work on photoionization delays following single-photon absorption of an extreme ultraviolet photon.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlasmoid Formation and Strong Radiative Cooling in a Driven Magnetic Reconnection Experiment.
Phys Rev Lett
April 2024
Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts 02139, Cambridge, USA.
We present the first experimental study of plasmoid formation in a magnetic reconnection layer undergoing rapid radiative cooling, a regime relevant to extreme astrophysical plasmas. Two exploding aluminum wire arrays, driven by the Z machine, generate a reconnection layer (S_{L}≈120) in which the cooling rate far exceeds the hydrodynamic transit rate (τ_{hydro}/τ_{cool}>100). The reconnection layer generates a transient burst of >1 keV x-ray emission, consistent with the formation and subsequent rapid cooling of the layer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTime-resolved investigation of subnanosecond radiation from Al wire hybrid X pinches.
Phys Rev E
December 2020
Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
K-shell x-ray spectra from Al wire hybrid X pinches have been studied using an x-ray streak camera with better than 0.1-ns time resolution together with a Focusing Spectrograph with Spatial Resolution (FSSR) spectrograph. High-intensity radiation with a continuumlike spectrum was observed in the subnanosecond initial phase of the x-ray pulse generated by the hybrid X pinch (HXP).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReview of the 9th NLTE code comparison workshop.
High Energy Density Phys
January 2017
National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8422, USA.
We review the 9th NLTE code comparison workshop, which was held in the Jussieu campus, Paris, from November 30th to December 4th, 2015. This time, the workshop was mainly focused on a systematic investigation of iron NLTE steady-state kinetics and emissivity, over a broad range of temperature and density. Through these comparisons, topics such as modeling of the dielectronic processes, density effects or the effect of an external radiation field were addressed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAtomic and optical properties of warm dense copper.
Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys
September 2015
Center for Materials under Extreme Environment, School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, 400 Central Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2017, USA.
The emission of x rays from warm dense matter is of great interest for both spectroscopic diagnostics and development of intense x-ray sources. We report the results from the collisional-radiative steady-state (CRSS) modeling of atomic and optical properties of copper plasmas at near-solid and solid-state density for a range of temperatures. The CRSS model is validated against the available data on the average charge state and shifts of energy levels in aluminum and the opacity and emissivity spectra of carbon and aluminum plasmas.
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