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β-Triketones from Leptospermum scoparium (mānuka) oil show potential as scabicides.
Phytomedicine
January 2025
Scabies Laboratory, Infection and Inflammation Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. Electronic address:
Background: Scabies is a debilitating and neglected infectious disease with limited effective treatment options and affecting millions of people worldwide, mainly in poor and overcrowded settings. Essential oils from Australasian Myrtaceae are known to have parasiticidal properties, often attributed to the presence of β-triketones, which are known inhibitors of the tyrosine catabolism pathway through inhibition of hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD).
Purpose: In this study, essential oils from mānuka (Leptospermum scoparium) were evaluated in vitro for miticidal and ovicidal activities and their active β-triketone constituents (flavesone, leptospermone, and isoleptospermone) were identified.
Genomics reveal local skin immune response key to control sarcoptic mange in Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica).
BMC Genomics
November 2024
Wildlife Ecology & Health research group (WE&H) and Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
Background: Sarcoptic mange is an emerging and neglected contagious skin disease caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei, affecting humans, domestic animals, and wildlife. Mange is the main disease and a major concern for the management and conservation of populations of Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica), a medium-sized mountain ungulate endemic to the Iberian Peninsula and Northern Pyrenees. Differences in host-parasite interaction and host immune response determine mange clinical outcome, but little is known about the related differences in gene expression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe use of haystacks by wolves may facilitate the transmission of sarcoptic mange.
Sci Rep
November 2024
Mammal Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Stoczek 1, Białowieża, 17-230, Poland.
Article Synopsis
- Wildlife, like wolves and European bison, often conflict with humans when they use human-made resources, leading to issues like property damage and health risks from diseases like sarcoptic mange.
- * This study focuses on how wolves with sarcoptic mange might use haystacks meant for bison, potentially spreading the disease and increasing human-wolf interactions.
- * Although the findings show a link between wildlife feeding and wolf behavior that could create conflict, no direct negative interactions between wolves and humans or pets were observed.*
Histone deacetylase 2 and 3 of : characterization of a potential drug target.
Microbiol Spectr
October 2024
Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Scabies is a contagious zoonotic parasitic disease that causes a substantial risk to both human and animal health and results in significant financial losses. No vaccine is available for scabies, and drug resistance to the conventional treatment for the disease has increased. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) modifies proteins by removing acetyl moieties from histones, regulates transcription, and is crucial for the immune system and apoptotic processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA cross-sectional survey of knowledge and attitudes towards scabies control in Australian aged care facilities.
Epidemiol Infect
October 2024
School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD, Australia.
Scabies outbreaks cause significant morbidity and disruption in aged care facilities and other institutional settings. Failure to manage scabies outbreaks may be attributable to low awareness amongst healthcare workers. A survey was distributed to healthcare workers across aged care facilities in South-East Queensland, Australia.
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