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Type-I and type-II smectic-C^{*} systems: A twist on the electroclinic critical point.
Phys Rev E
August 2019
Department of Physics, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, USA.
We conduct an in-depth analysis of the electroclinic effect in chiral, ferroelectric liquid crystal systems that have a first-order smectic-A^{*}-smectic-C^{*} (Sm-A^{*}-Sm-C^{*}) transition, and show that such systems can be either type I or type II. In temperature-field parameter space type-I systems exhibit a macroscopically achiral (in which the Sm-C_{M}^{*} helical superstructure is expelled) low-tilt (LT) Sm-C_{U}^{*}-high-tilt (HT) Sm-C_{U}^{*} critical point, which terminates a LT Sm-C_{U}^{*}-HT Sm-^{*}C_{U} first-order boundary. Notationally, Sm-C_{M}^{*} or Sm-C_{U}^{*} denotes the Sm-C^{*} phase with or without a modulated superstructure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmectic C to smectic A transition induced mechanically by the rupture of freely suspended liquid crystal films.
Soft Matter
May 2017
Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Institute for Experimental Physics, D-39106 Magdeburg, Germany.
The tilt angle of smectic C phases can be controlled by external forces of very different nature. In particular near a smectic A-smectic C transition, it is susceptible to temperature changes. It can be influenced with electric fields (electroclinic effect), and even mechanically by intra-layer stresses in elastomers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElectroclinic effect in a chiral carbosilane-terminated 5-phenylpyrimidine liquid crystal with 'de Vries-like' properties.
Chem Commun (Camb)
August 2015
Chemistry Department, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
The chiral carbosilane-terminated liquid crystal 2-[(2S,3S)-2,3-difluorohexyloxy]-5-[4-(12,12,14,14,16,16-hexamethyl-12,14,16-trisilaheptadecyloxy)phenyl]pyrimidine () undergoes a smectic A*-smectic C* phase transition with a maximum layer contraction of only 0.2%. It exhibits an electroclinic effect (ECE) comparable to that reported for the 'de Vries-like' liquid crystal and shows no appreciable optical stripe defects due to horizontal chevron formation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecular theory of the tilting transition in smectic liquid crystals with weak layer contraction and diffused cone orientational distribution.
Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys
February 2012
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Strathclyde, Livingstone Tower, Richmond Street, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.
A molecular field theory of the smectic-A-smectic-C transition has been developed for smectics with a diffused cone orientational distribution of molecules (volcano-like distribution function) in the smectic-A phase and anomalously weak layer contraction in the smectic-C phase. Orientational order parameters and smectic layer spacing have been calculated numerically as functions of temperature and compared with the results obtained using a model with a standard Maier-Saupe-type distribution function that has been considered before. A molecular theory of the electroclinic effect in chiral smectics has also been developed using the recently proposed simple biaxial interaction potential.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSurface electroclinic effect near the first-order smectic-A*-smectic-C* transition.
Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys
May 2011
Department of Physics, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, USA.
We analyze the surface electroclinic effect (SECE) in a material that exhibits a first-order bulk smectic-A* (Sm-A*)-smectic-C* (Sm-C*) transition. The effect of a continuously varying degree of enantiomeric excess on the SECE is also investigated. We show that due to the first-order nature of the bulk Sm-A*-Sm-C* transition, the SECE can be unusually strong and that as enantiomeric excess is varied, a jump in surface induced tilt is expected.
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