In this study, we examined the possibility of targeting drug delivery to tumours by dissolving the cytotoxic drug in a lipid fluid that is selectively deposited in tumours. Rabbits bearing VX2 tumour 10-20 mm in diameter in the large bowel received arterial injections of 0.2 ml of mitomycin C (MMC) dissolved in Lipiodol (MMC/Lipiodol), and the antitumour activity and adverse effects were examined. One week after treatment complete necrosis of the tumour was observed in 8 of 10 rabbits that received MMC/Lipiodol (3 mg/ml) without severe adverse effects on the surrounding caecum. In comparison 3/12 control animals that received MMC in saline and Lipiodol also showed complete necrosis. 6 of 7 rabbits killed eight weeks after the injection of MMC/Lipiodol were cured, with no viable tumour cells and with a normal appearance of the surrounding large bowel. In conclusion, MMC dissolved in Lipiodol may be adaptable for the treatment of colon cancer and may achieve antitumour activity without severe adverse effects.
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