[Hemolysis and schizocytosis, malabsorption and the "folate trap": unusual semiological peculiarities associated with vitamin B12 deficiency].

Introduction: Hemolysis and red cell fragmentation accompanying vitamin B12 deficiency may misdirect the diagnosis. Signs of malabsorption and abnormalities related to folic acid metabolism characterized by discrepancies between folic acid normal serum levels and erythrocytic folic acid levels may also exist.

Exegesis: We report the occurrence of hemolysis and red cell fragmentation mimicking microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, malabsorption and folic acid deficiency in the course of vitamin B12 deficiency. Appropriate replacement therapy corrected all abnormalities.

Conclusion: An association between hemolysis, malabsorption and folic acid deficiency should lead physicians to search for signs of vitamin B12 deficiency.