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From cytogenetics to cytogenomics: a new era in the diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities in domestic animals.
J Appl Genet
January 2025
Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Identification of chromosomal abnormalities is an important issue in animal breeding and veterinary medicine. Routine cytogenetic diagnosis of domestic animals began in the 1960s with the aim of identifying carriers of centric fusion between chromosome 1 and 29 in cattle. In the 1970s, chromosome banding techniques were introduced, and in the 1980s, the first cytogenomic techniques, based on the development of locus- and chromosome-specific probes, were used.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecular basis for shifted receptor recognition by an encephalitic arbovirus.
bioRxiv
January 2025
Department of Microbiology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
After decades of inactivity throughout the Americas, western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV) recently re-emerged in South America, causing a large-scale outbreak in humans and horses. WEEV binds protocadherin 10 (PCDH10) as a receptor; however, nonpathogenic strains no longer bind human or equine PCDH10 but retain the ability to bind avian receptors. Highly virulent WEEV strains can also bind the very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) and apolipoprotein E receptor 2 (ApoER2) as alternative receptors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenomic-Inbreeding Landscape and Selection Signatures in the Polo Argentino Horse Breed.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Córdoba, CN IV KM 396 Edificio Gregor Mendel, 14007 Córdoba, Spain.
Analyzing genetic variability and inbreeding trends is essential for effective breed management in animal populations. To this, the characterization of runs of homozygosity (ROH) provides a good genomic approach to study the phenomena. The Polo Argentino (PA) breed, globally recognized as the best adapted to playing polo, is known for its strong influence of Thoroughbreds, intense selective breeding, and extensive use of reproductive biotechnologies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenome wide landscaping of copy number variations for horse inter-breed variability.
Anim Biotechnol
December 2025
Division of Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India.
Copy number variations (CNVs) have become widely acknowledged as a significant source of genomic variability and phenotypic variance. To understand the genetic variants in horses, CNVs from six Indian horse breeds, Manipuri, Zanskari, Bhutia, Spiti, Kathiawari and Marwari were discovered using Axiom Equine Genotyping Array. These breeds differed in agro-climatic adaptation with distinct phenotypic characters.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA genome-wide association study for recurrent laryngeal neuropathy in the Thoroughbred horse identifies a candidate gene that regulates myelin structure.
Equine Vet J
January 2025
UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Background: Equine recurrent laryngeal neuropathy (RLN) is an economically important upper respiratory tract (URT) disease with a genetic contribution to risk, but genetic variants independent of height have not been identified for Thoroughbreds. The method of clinical assessment for RLN is critical to accurately phenotype groups for genetic studies.
Objectives: To identify genetic risk loci for RLN in Thoroughbreds in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) following high-resolution phenotyping.
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