In experiments with a primary culture of adrenal cells, it has been studied the influence of chloditane, as a specific inhibitor of adrenocortical function, on the synthetic processes in the newborn pig adrenal cells, whose organ and cell cultures are more and more used as transplantation material for the treatment of adrenal insufficiency. It has been shown that incubation of adrenocorticocytes with chloditane (final concentration in culture medium: 1 to 10,000 ng/ml) during 24 hours had a marked negative dose-dependent effect on the indices of inclusion of 3H-thymidine and 3H-uridine into the nucleic acids. In the presence of a maximum chloditane concentration, inclusion made, respectively, 16.9 and 46.0% from control. A trustworthy effect of chloditane on the indices of 3H-leucine inclusion (protein synthesis) has been established only for concentration 10 to 100 ng/ml and made near 70% from control. It has been discussed a possible mechanism of chloditane action on the synthetic processes in adrenal cells.
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ACS Nano
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States.
A major challenge in the field of synthetic motors relates to mimicking the precise, motion of biological motor proteins, which mediates processes such as cargo transport, cell locomotion, and cell division. To address this challenge, we developed a system to control the motion of DNA-based synthetic motors using light. DNA motors are composed of a central chassis particle modified with DNA "legs" that hybridize to RNA "fuel", and move upon enzymatic consumption of RNA.
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Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States.
Spore germination in is initiated by a cascade of activities of several proteins that culminates in the activation of SleC, a cell-wall-processing enzyme. We report herein the details of the enzymatic activities of SleC by the use of synthetic peptidoglycan fragments and of spore sacculi. The reactions include the formation of 1,6-anhydromuramate─a hallmark of lytic transglycosylase activity─as well as a muramate hydrolytic product, both of which proceed through the same transient oxocarbenium species.
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January 2025
DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, 2800 Powder Mill Rd., Adelphi, Maryland 20783, United States.
Fungi, especially filamentous fungi, are a relatively understudied, biotechnologically useful resource with incredible potential for commercial applications. These multicellular eukaryotic organisms have long been exploited for their natural production of useful commodity chemicals and proteins such as enzymes used in starch processing, detergents, food and feed production, pulping and paper making and biofuels production. The ability of filamentous fungi to use a wide range of feedstocks is another key advantage.
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June 2024
Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Molecular Design, Institute of Plant and Food Science, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
Macroautophagy, commonly referred to as autophagy, is an evolutionarily conserved cellular process that plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. It orchestrates the delivery of dysfunctional or surplus cellular materials to the vacuole or lysosome for degradation and recycling, particularly during adverse conditions. Over the past few decades, research has unveiled intricate regulatory mechanisms governing autophagy through various post-translational modifications (PTMs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Biotechnol (Singap)
June 2024
Marine Synthetic Ecology Research Center, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Environmental Science and Engineering/Life Sciences/Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Marine Ranching in Lingdingyang Bay, China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory On Mariculture Technology, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China.
Microorganisms in eutrophic water play a vital role in nitrogen (N) removal, which contributes significantly to the nutrient cycling and sustainability of eutrophic ecosystems. However, the mechanisms underlying the interactions and adaptation strategies of the N removal microorganisms in eutrophic ecosystems remain unclear. We thus analyzed field sediments collected from a eutrophic freshwater ecosystem, enriched the N removal microorganisms, examined their function and adaptability through amplicon, metagenome and metatranscriptome sequencing.
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