Frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis) affects 2-5 per cent of the population, but is most common in the 40-60-year-old age group. The disorder is divided into three phases, the painful, the stiff and the recovery phases. In most cases the condition is self-limiting with negligible residual manifestations, though its average duration is about 30 months. New findings suggest frozen shoulder to be a Dupuytren-like disorder. Pain relief and physiotherapy are usually sufficient, but in more severe cases manipulation with the patient under anaesthesia, possibly combined with distension arthrography or arthroscopic release, may yield rapid improvement in shoulder function.
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