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Acute Macular Neuroretinopathy after COVID-19 Infection: Clinical Characteristics and Associated Factors.

Ophthalmol Retina

October 2023

Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates acute macular neuroretinopathy (AMN), a rare retinal disease potentially linked to COVID-19, focusing on its clinical features after infection.
  • Conducted as a retrospective cohort study, it involved 66 patients diagnosed with AMN post-COVID-19, examining factors like age, gender, medical history, and symptoms.
  • Key findings revealed that most patients were women, with common symptoms including scotomas, and various retinal disruptions observed through diagnostic imaging.
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The cornea is a hormone-responsive tissue that responds to changing levels of female sex hormones. This review focuses on the structural and functional changes in the human cornea associated with the hormonal milestones of menarche, pregnancy, and menopause, as well as consequences stemming from the use of exogenous sex hormones for fertility control and replacement. Articles were identified by searching PubMed without language or region restrictions.

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Eye diseases in women.

Fukushima J Med Sci

August 2019

Department of Ophthalmology, Tachikawa General Hospital.

Although eye diseases are considered to be relatively less affected by patient sex, it is noteworthy that the presence of hormone receptors have been confirmed in various ocular tissues, which were considered to have few sex-based differences. Female hormone levels are known to change because of menstruation, pregnancy, and menopause. When female hormone levels markedly fluctuate in such situations, the disease state may change.

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Estrogen- and Progesterone-Induced Variation in Corneal Parameters According to Hormonal Status.

Eye Contact Lens

September 2018

Departments of Ophthalmology (A.E.B.K., C.B.C.), and Obstetrics and Gynecology (I.B., E.O.), Acibadem University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey; and Department of Biochemistry (O.C.), Acibadem Labmed, Istanbul, Turkey.

Objectives: To determine the effects of estrogen and progesterone on corneal thickness, curvature, and biomechanics in healthy corneas according to hormonal status.

Methods: The study included four groups of females: group A (menstruating, not pregnant, not lactating, and not menopausal; n=100), group B (pregnant; n=50), group C (lactating; n=50), and group D (menopausal; n=50). Group A was subdivided according to age, as subgroup A15-25 (age 15-25 years) and subgroup A>25 (age >25 years).

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Purpose: To report complications in patients after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab to treat ocular diseases associated with vascular endothelial growth factor.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the systemic and ocular complications that developed within 2 months of each intravitreal injection of bevacizumab in 707 patients (1300 injections) with intraocular neovascularization or macular oedema.

Results: Nine ocular (1.

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