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S Afr J Surg
December 2024
Division of Surgery, Tygerberg Hospital, Stellenbosch University, South Africa.
Background: Bowel trauma, encompassing injuries to the small and large intestine, represents a significant medical challenge due to its potential for morbidity and mortality. Management of bowel injuries remains surgical, but multiple factors influence the outcome in these patients. This study provides an in-depth analysis of the high-risk features of hollow visceral trauma in the ICU setting and the corresponding mortality rates, shedding light on the critical factors that influence outcomes in these cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFS Afr J Surg
December 2024
Department of Surgical Sciences, Nelson R Mandela School of Clinical Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Background: KwaZulu-Natal bears a significant trauma burden, with polytrauma patients often experiencing traumatic limb amputations. This study investigates traumatic limb amputations in the subgroup of severely injured polytrauma patients admitted to the trauma ICU in KwaZulu-Natal. This study aims to describe the management and outcomes of traumatic limb amputations in polytrauma patients at the trauma ICU.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, JPN.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as pembrolizumab, have revolutionized cancer therapy but can lead to severe immune-related adverse events (irAEs). We present a case of fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and mesenteric ischemia in a 78-year-old woman with recurrent stage IIIC1 cervical cancer treated with pembrolizumab. Thirty-four days after initiating a pembrolizumab-containing regimen, she presented with vomiting, severe hyperglycemia, metabolic acidosis, and strongly positive urine ketones.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Oncol
December 2023
Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Objectives: Non-mortality benefits of breast cancer screening are rarely considered in assessments of benefits versus harms. This study aims to estimate the rate of overdiagnosis in women with screen-detected breast cancer (SDBC) by allocating cases to either possibly overdiagnosed (POD) or not overdiagnosed categories and to compare treatment recommendations for surgery and adjuvant treatments by category, age at diagnosis and cancer stage.
Methods And Analysis: Retrospective secondary analysis of 10 191 women diagnosed with breast cancer in Australia and New Zealand in 2018.
Infect Prev Pract
December 2024
Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research (CiiEM), Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, 2829-511, Caparica, Almada, Portugal.
Background: For infections antifungal therapy is often empirical and mainly depends on locally antifungal surveillance data, which differs between geographic regions.
Aims: To monitor the epidemiology and antifungal susceptibility of spp. from combined axillar-groin samples in intensive care unit (ICU) patients on admission (day1, D1), day 5 (D5) and day 8 (D8).
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