The ethmoidal sinus was punctured for pus samples in 120 patients with purulent ethmoiditis. The sinus of 47.5% of the patients contained non-clostridial anaerobic infection. The species of the microflora and its sensitivity to antibiotics were defined. An effective system of examination and treatment of purulent ethmoiditis caused by anaerobic infection is proposed. The essential elements of this system are: aeration of the paranasal sinuses, immunostimulation and immunomodulation. For non-responders and subjects with frequent recurrences surgical intervention is indicated.
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