Evaluating a human during occupational activities, occupational physiology should put emphasis on two principal and cooperated directions. Those are aimed to minimize occupational risk, preservation of working capacity, long occupational life and human health. The first direction is associated with theoretic and practical work on differential diagnosis of various functional systems: regulation of working strain, fatigue and tension. Work in this direction helps to solve such practical problems as rehabilitation and assessment of human resources, evaluation of occupational stress, design of automated monitoring systems, etc. The second direction covers hygienic regulation of occupational factors. Their intensity and duration should be assessed with consideration of age, personality and other traits of a worker. In addition, combined action of existing hazards and the new ones should be considered in formation of regulatory technology documents.
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PLoS One
January 2025
Clinical Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
Background: University students in Saudi Arabia are embracing some of the negative traits of the fast-paced modern lifestyle, typified by unhealthy eating, low physical activity, and poor sleep habits that may increase their risk for poor health. Health and holistic well-being at the population level are among the priorities of the 2030 vision of a vibrant society in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The current study thus aims at determining the prevalence and predictive factors of Suboptimal Health Status (SHS) among university students.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Escherichia coli is one of the critical One Health pathogens due to its vast array of virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes. This study used multiplex PCR to determine the occurrence of virulence genes bfp, ompA, traT, eaeA, and stx1 among 50 multidrug-resistant (MDR) E. coli isolates from humans (n = 15), animals (n = 29), and the environment (n = 6) in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary, Medicine, University of Zambia Lusaka, Lusaka, Zambia.
Rift Valley fever (RVF) is an important viral zoonotic disease that not only affects ruminants but causes serious morbidity and mortality in humans. In humans, its symptoms range from mild flu-like signs to a severe form such as retinal damage, meningoencephalitis to haemorrhagic fever. In this study, 202 human serum samples were collected from central and western parts of Zambia and tested for RVF-specific antibodies using a commercially available ELISA kit.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chem Ecol
January 2025
Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560012, India.
In some mutualisms involving host plants, photoassimilates are provided as rewards to symbionts. Endophagous organisms often manipulate host plants to increase access to photoassimilates. Host manipulations by endophagous organisms that are also mutualists are poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxins (Basel)
January 2025
Graduate Toxicology Program, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA.
It has been known since the early days of the discovery of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) that there were large species differences in susceptibility to AFB1. It was also evident early on that AFB1 itself was not toxic but required bioactivation to a reactive form. Over the past 60 years there have been thousands of studies to delineate the role of ~10 specific biotransformation pathways of AFB1, both phase I (oxidation, reduction) and phase II (hydrolysis, conjugation, secondary oxidations, and reductions of phase I metabolites).
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