The recent spreading of a subtelomeric region at nine different human chromosome ends was characterized by a combination of segregation analyses, physical mapping, junction cloning, and FISH investigations. The events occurred very recently in human genome evolution as demonstrated by sequence analysis of different alleles and the single location of the ancestral site at chromosome 17qter in chimpanzee and orangutan. The domain successfully colonized most 1p, 5q, and 6q chromosome ends and is also present at a significant frequency of 6p, 7p, 8p, 11p, 15q, and 19p ends. On 6qter, the transposed domain is immediately distal to the highly conserved, single-copy gene PDCD2.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/geno.1998.5358 | DOI Listing |
Elife
December 2024
Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, United States.
The environmental challenges the human malaria parasite, , faces during its progression into its various lifecycle stages warrant the use of effective and highly regulated access to chromatin for transcriptional regulation. Microrchidia (MORC) proteins have been implicated in DNA compaction and gene silencing across plant and animal kingdoms. Accumulating evidence has shed light on the role MORC protein plays as a transcriptional switch in apicomplexan parasites.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Chim Acta
January 2025
Neonatology Department, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University (Jinan Children's Hospital), Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Children's Health and Disease, Jinan, China. Electronic address:
Background: Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is an autosomal dominant condition caused by shortened D4Z4 repeat units in the subtelomeric region of 4q35, always on the 4qA haplotype, or due to variants in the SMCHD1 gene leading to hypomethylation of the D4Z4 macrosatellite DNA repeats.
Methods: To explore the potential genetic basis for suspected FSHD presenting with early onset in two siblings without evident family history of the disorder, whole genome sequencing (WGS) and optical genome mapping (OGM) were conducted on the affected individuals and their parents.
Results: The two siblings manifested severe and early-onset clinical features consistent with FSHD, initiating with facial muscle weakness that progressively spread downward since the age of four months.
Genes Genet Syst
March 2024
Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui.
In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, boundaries formed by DNA sequence-dependent or -independent histone modifications stop the spread of the heterochromatin region formed via the Sir complex. However, it is unclear whether the histone modifiers that control DNA sequence-independent boundaries function in a chromosome-specific or -nonspecific manner. In this study, we evaluated the effects of the SAGA complex, a histone acetyltransferase (HAT) complex, and its relationship with other histone-modifying enzymes to clarify the mechanism underlying boundary regulation of the IMD2 gene on the right subtelomere of chromosome VIII.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenetica
February 2024
Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Biotechnology, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, 50670-423, Brazil.
Satellite DNAs (satDNAs) are highly repetitive sequences that occur in virtually all eukaryotic genomes and can undergo rapid copy number and nucleotide sequence variation among relatives. After chromosomal mapping of the satDNA JcSAT1, it was found a large accumulation at subtelomeres of Jatropha curcas (subgenus Curcas), but an absence of these monomers in J. integerrima (subgenus Jatropha).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiochim Biophys Acta Gene Regul Mech
December 2023
Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea. Electronic address:
The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S core particle and a 19S regulatory particle and critically regulates gene expression and silencing through both proteolytic and non-proteolytic functions. The 20S core particle mediates proteolysis, while the 19S regulatory particle performs non-proteolytic functions. The proteasome plays a role in regulating gene expression in euchromatin by modifying histones, activating transcription, initiating and terminating transcription, mRNA export, and maintaining transcriptome integrity.
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