3D biomedical images are a valuable source of information for clinical diagnosis. In areas such as bone remodeling, fracture prediction and prosthesis design, the external geometry of the bones needs to be precisely defined and injuries identified. A system that automatically interprets and presents a 3D reconstruction of the bone can be very useful, although this task cannot be carried out without specific knowledge of the domain. This knowledge may be represented by a set of constraints over properties and relationships between regions. In this work we present a Markov random field model for identification of injuries in the proximal tibia.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0895-6111(98)00018-4 | DOI Listing |
Bayesian Anal
June 2024
Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
The exponential random graph model (ERGM) is a popular model for social networks, which is known to have an intractable likelihood function. Sampling from the posterior for such a model is a long-standing problem in statistical research. We analyze the performance of the stochastic gradient Langevin dynamics (SGLD) algorithm (also known as noisy Longevin Monte Carlo) in tackling this problem, where the stochastic gradient is calculated via running a short Markov chain (the so-called inner Markov chain in this paper) at each iteration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStat Med
February 2025
Department of Mathematical Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas.
Advances in next-generation sequencing technology have enabled the high-throughput profiling of metagenomes and accelerated microbiome studies. Recently, there has been a rise in quantitative studies that aim to decipher the microbiome co-occurrence network and its underlying community structure based on metagenomic sequence data. Uncovering the complex microbiome community structure is essential to understanding the role of the microbiome in disease progression and susceptibility.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStat Interface
January 2024
Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States of America.
Graphical models have long been studied in statistics as a tool for inferring conditional independence relationships among a large set of random variables. The most existing works in graphical modeling focus on the cases that the data are Gaussian or mixed and the variables are linearly dependent. In this paper, we propose a double regression method for learning graphical models under the high-dimensional nonlinear and non-Gaussian setting, and prove that the proposed method is consistent under mild conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmacoecon Open
January 2025
Optimax Access Ltd, Kenneth Dibben House, Enterprise Rd, Chilworth, Southampton University Science Park, Southampton, UK.
Background: Patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 35% are at increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) within the first months after a myocardial infarction (MI). The wearable cardioverter defibrillator (WCD) is an established, safe and effective solution which can protect patients from SCD during the first months after an MI, when the risk of SCD is at its peak. This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of WCD combined with guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) compared to GDMT alone, after MI in the English National Health Service (NHS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKidney Int
January 2025
Department of Epidemiology and Health Economics, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
High-flux hemodialysis (HD) and high-dose hemodiafiltration (HDF) are established treatments for patients with kidney failure. Since HDF has been associated with improved survival rates compared to HD, we evaluated the cost-effectiveness of HDF compared to HD. Cost-utility analyses were performed from a societal perspective alongside the multinational randomized controlled CONVINCE trial.
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