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Molecular identification and genetic variability of equine and bovine ocular setariasis in india: molecular profiling by mitochondrial genes.
Mol Biol Rep
August 2024
Division of Parasitology, ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Background: Ocular setariasis is an ectopic infection caused by a parasite under the genus Setaria. Adult worms belong to the Setariidae family and typically reside in the peritoneal cavity of ungulates. However, immature forms of these species may aberrantly migrate to the eyes of cattle, buffalo, goats, horses and several other hosts, leading to corneal opacity and blindness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCan Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD) and Sirtuins Be Harnessed to Improve Mare Fertility?
Animals (Basel)
January 2024
Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia.
Years of sire and dam selection based on their pedigree and athletic performance has resulted in a reduction in the reproductive capability of horses. Mare age is considered a major barrier to equine reproduction largely due to an increase in the age at which mares are typically bred following the end of their racing career. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and its involvement in the activation of Sirtuins in fertility are an emerging field of study, with the role of NAD in oocyte maturation and embryo development becoming increasingly apparent.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCodon usage bias of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus and its host adaption.
Virus Res
April 2023
Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Infection and Biological Safety, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China. Electronic address:
Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) is an emerging zoonotic virus in the alphavirus genus. It can be transmitted to humans due to spillover from equid-mosquito cycles. The symptoms caused by VEEV include fever, headache, myalgia, nausea, and vomiting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnalysis of evolutionary and genetic patterns in structural genes of primate lentiviruses.
Genes Genomics
July 2022
Laboratory of Computational Virology & Viroinformatics, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
Background: Primate lentiviruses (HIV1, HIV2, and Simian immunodeficiency virus [SIV]) cause immune deficiency, encephalitis, and infectious anemia in mammals such as cattle, cat, goat, sheep, horse, and puma.
Objective: This study was designed and conducted with the main purpose of confirming the overall codon usage pattern of primate lentiviruses and exploring the evolutionary and genetic characteristics commonly or specifically expressed in HIV1, HIV2, and SIV.
Methods: The gag, pol, and env gene sequences of HIV1, HIV2, and SIV were analyzed to determine their evolutionary relationships, nucleotide compositions, codon usage patterns, neutrality, selection pressure (influence of mutational pressure and natural selection), and viral adaptation to human codon usage.
Development of a 17-Plex of Penta- and Tetra-Nucleotide Microsatellites for DNA Profiling and Paternity Testing in Horses.
Front Vet Sci
April 2022
Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.
Tetranucleotide and pentanucleotide short tandem repeat (hereafter termed tetraSTR and pentaSTR) polymorphisms have properties that make them desirable for DNA profiling and paternity testing. However, certain species, such as the horse, have far fewer tetraSTRs than other species and for this reason dinucleotide STRs (diSTRs) have become the standard for DNA profiling in horses, despite being less desirable for technical reasons. During our testing of a series of candidate genes as potentially underlying a heritable condition characterized by megaesophagus in the Friesian horse breed, we found that good tetraSTRs do exist in horses but, as expected, at a much lower frequency than in other species, e.
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