1. Blood lead measurements in samples collected from 660 London schoolchildren during 1991 to 1992 suggest that the blood lead values in children in the U.K. are decreasing. 2. Geometric mean values for blood lead were 0.18 (range 0.05-0.71) micromol/l [3.7 (1. 0-15.0) microgram/dl]. Analysis of variance showed differences between ethnic groups, sex and schools. An age-matched subset of 148 children was compared with 136 children from an earlier study in 1986 and 1987. Trend analysis of the geometric mean lead values showed a negative slope (b=-0.484, P<0.0001), with maximum values of 0.81, 1.00, 0.71 and 0.43 micromol/l (17, 21, 15 and 9 microgram/dl) for the years 1986, 1987, 1991 and 1992 respectively. 3. It is recommended that children in the U.K. being investigated for anaemia, pica, recurrent abdominal pain or a high-risk environment should have blood lead values measured and that the action level for blood lead in children should be decreased from 1.19 micromol/l to 0.48 micromol/l (from 25 microgram/dl to 10 microgram/dl). 4. Guidance is offered to clinicians and other health professionals investigating excessive lead exposure.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
CMV IgG in the blood is not associated with hepatitis but correlates with poor outcomes in immunotherapy treated melanoma patients.
Cancer Immunol Immunother
January 2025
Department of Dermatology and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Medical Faculty Heidelberg, NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection or reactivation in immune-compromised individuals can lead to a wide range of severe complications including hepatitis. However, its relation with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) induced hepatitis (ICI-hepatitis) and tumor responses in advanced melanoma patients remains unclear. Hundred and ninety metastatic cutaneous melanoma patients (mCM) who received ICI treatment, with CMV IgG or IgM information available at baseline, were included in the study (Cohort 1).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCo-delivery of antioxidants and siRNA-VEGF: promising treatment for age-related macular degeneration.
Drug Deliv Transl Res
January 2025
Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Ezequiel Dias Foundation, Rua Conde Pereira Carneiro 80, Gameleira, Belo Horizonte, CEP 30510-010, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Current treatments for retinal disorders are anti-angiogenic agents, laser photocoagulation, and photodynamic therapies. These conventional treatments focus on reducing abnormal blood vessel formation in the retina, which, in a low-oxygen environment, can lead to harmful proliferation of endothelial cells. This results in dysfunctional, leaky blood vessels that cause retinal edema, hemorrhage, and vision loss.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExposure to Lead, Cadmium, Mercury and Arsenic Among Asian and Non-Asian Children and Adolescents in the United States: NHANES 2015-2018.
J Immigr Minor Health
January 2025
Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, PO Box 951772, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1772, USA.
Higher concentrations of heavy metals were reported mainly among adult Asian persons compared to other racial/ethnic groups in earlier NHANES cycles' studies. We aimed to examine concentrations of metals among Asian children/adolescents compared to children/adolescents identifying with other racial/ethnic groups, considering socio-demographic factors and potential mediation by fish/shellfish consumption. Using NHANES data (2015-2018), 5293 participants (1-19 years) with blood/urinary measurements of lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic were included.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBasic Science and Pathogenesis.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA.
Background: Late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) is the leading cause of dementia and a major contributor to increased mortality. Recent human datasets have revealed many LOAD genetic risk factors that are correlated with the degree of AD burden. Further, the complexity and heterogeneity of LOAD appears to be promoted by interactions between genetics and environmental factors such as diet, sedentary behavior, and exposure to toxicants, like lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and arsenic (As).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBasic Science and Pathogenesis.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is a validated risk locus for developing late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). ACE1 controls blood pressure through the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), but it is also present and acts locally in the brain. Hypertension is associated with an increased risk for developing AD, and people taking select RAS-targeting therapeutics have reduced incidence of AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!