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A researcher's guide to studying sex differences in immune aging.
Trends Mol Med
January 2025
Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Molecular and Computational Biology Department, USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Department, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; USC Stem Cell Initiative, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA. Electronic address:
Sex differences in immune system aging significantly impact disease susceptibility and vaccine responses among older adults, but with notable disparities between men and women. This area has gained importance because vaccines can exhibit differential efficacy by sex in aging populations, underscoring the need for sex-specific strategies. As the global population ages, understanding these sex-based immune differences is crucial for developing targeted interventions for age-related diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKlebsiella pneumoniae emerging anti-immunology paradigms: from stealth to evasion.
Trends Microbiol
January 2025
Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK. Electronic address:
Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) is a global threat to human health due to the isolation of multidrug-resistant strains. Despite advancements in understanding KP's population structure, antibiotic resistance mechanisms, and transmission patterns, a gap remains in how KP evades defenses, allowing the pathogen to flourish in tissues despite an activated immune system. KP infection biology has been shaped by the notion that the pathogen has evolved to shield from defenses more than actively suppress them.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUtility of physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling in predicting and characterizing clinical drug interactions.
Drug Metab Dispos
January 2025
Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, Metabolism and Bioanalytics, Merck & Co, Inc, Boston, Massachusetts. Electronic address:
Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a mechanistic dynamic modeling approach that can be used to predict or retrospectively describe changes in drug exposure due to drug-drug interactions (DDIs). With advancements in commercially available PBPK software, PBPK DDI modeling has become a mainstream approach from early drug discovery through to late-stage drug development and is often used to support regulatory packages for new drug applications. This Minireview will briefly describe the approaches to predicting DDI using PBPK and static modeling approaches, the basic model structures and features inherent to PBPK DDI models, and key examples where PBPK DDI models have been used to describe complex DDI mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAbortion and unintended pregnancy in Pakistan: new evidence for 2023 and trends over the past decade.
BMJ Glob Health
January 2025
Population Council Pakistan Office, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Background: Despite induced abortion being highly legally restricted in Pakistan, studies in 2002 and 2012 showed that many women rely on abortion when faced with an unintended pregnancy. Following the 2012 study, concerted efforts were made to improve contraceptive services and to strengthen postabortion care. The availability and use of misoprostol also expanded in the past decade.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCommon issues of data science on the eco-environmental risks of emerging contaminants.
Environ Int
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Carbon Neutrality Interdisciplinary Science Centre, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
Data-driven approaches (e.g., machine learning) are increasingly used to replace or assist laboratory studies in the study of emerging contaminants (ECs).
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