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Prevalence and determinants of faecal carriage of carbapenem- and third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales: a cross-sectional household survey in northern Vietnam.
Lancet Reg Health West Pac
January 2025
Oxford University Clinical Research Unit (OUCRU), National Hospital for Tropical Diseases, 78 Giai Phong, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a silent pandemic causing 1.27 million deaths in 2019, disproportionately affecting low- and middle-income countries, but resistance among commensal microbiota and the determinants of carriage have not been widely reported. This cross-sectional household study aimed to determine the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant (CRE) and third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterale (C3GRE) in a rural community in Ha Nam northern Vietnam, as well as the socio-demographic, behavioural, and environmental determinants of carriage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of Ozoralizumab Administration with or without Methotrexate in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Post-Hoc Analysis.
Rheumatol Ther
January 2025
Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama, 350-0495, Japan.
Introduction: Ozoralizumab (OZR) is a novel tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor that was launched in Japan for treating patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who have had an inadequate response to existing therapies. This post-hoc analysis aimed to compare the efficacy of OZR administered without methotrexate (MTX) with placebo or OZR administration in combination with MTX.
Methods: We analyzed the OZR group (30 mg) in the NATSUZORA trial (non-MTX, open trial) (OZR group; n = 94) and the placebo group (MTX group; n = 75) and the 30-mg OZR group (OZR + MTX group; n = 152) in the OHZORA trial (combined MTX, double-blind trial), and the covariates were adjusted by propensity score matching.
Chitosan's Ability to Remove the Smear Layer-A Systematic Review of Ex Vivo Studies.
Medicina (Kaunas)
January 2025
Faculty of Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Galicia, Spain.
: This systematic review aimed to compare the effect of chitosan in smear layer removal with other commonly used chelators during root canal treatment. : The PRISMA guidelines were followed. Ex vivo studies performed in non-endodontically treated extracted human permanent teeth with a fully formed apex, in which sodium hypochlorite was the main irrigant and chitosan was used as final irrigation to observe its capacity to remove the smear layer using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), were included.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNiraparib Maintenance Therapy in Patients with Platinum-Sensitive Recurrent Ovarian Cancer: Real-World Experience at Hospitals in Spain.
Target Oncol
January 2025
Pharmacy Service, H. Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
Background: The reported benefit of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) maintenance in patients with newly diagnosed and platinum (Pt)-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer (OC) included in randomized clinical trials needs to be corroborated in a less selected population.
Objective: The aim is to increase the evidence on niraparib in a real-world setting.
Methods: This is a retrospective observational study including women with platinum-sensitive relapsed high-grade serous OC who started niraparib maintenance between August 2019 (marketing data, Spain) and May 2022.
Reduced monocytic IL10 expression in PD1 inhibitor-treated patients is a harbinger of severe immune-related adverse events.
Eur J Cancer
January 2025
Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cancer Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany; Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation of Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address:
Background: Despite remarkable clinical efficacy, little is known about the system-wide immunological alterations provoked by PD1 blockade. Dynamics of quantitative immune composition and functional repertoire during PD1 blockade could delineate cohort-specific patterns of treatment response and therapy-induced toxicity.
Methods: We longitudinally assessed therapy-induced effects on the immune system in fresh whole blood using flow cytometry-based cell quantifications, accompanied by analyses of effector properties of all major immune populations upon cell-type specific stimulations.
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