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Evaluation of Cannabis Per Se Laws: A Semi-Mechanistic Pharmacometrics Model for Quantitative Characterization of THC and Metabolites in Oral Users.
J Clin Pharmacol
January 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Recreational cannabis use has increased notably in the United States in the past decade, with a recent surge in oral consumption. This trend has raised concerns about driving under the influence. Current cannabis-impaired driving laws lack standardization, with some states implementing blood Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) per se limits (1, 2, and 5 ng/mL).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQuantitative analysis of cannabinoids and metabolites in oral fluid by volumetric absorptive microsampling combined with UHPLC-HRMS.
Anal Bioanal Chem
January 2025
Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Fédération de Toxicologie, Hôpital Lariboisière AP-HP, 2 Rue Ambroise Paré, 75010, Paris, France.
Article Synopsis
- The increasing legalization of cannabis worldwide has led to a growing need for methods to accurately identify and quantify cannabis consumption, especially through non-invasive means.
- Oral fluid, as an alternative to traditional blood and urine tests, offers advantages such as easier self-sampling and reduced risk of tampering, although it typically requires larger volumes to test effectively.
- The study presents a new method that allows for the quantification of seven cannabinoids from just 20 µL of oral fluid using a specialized sampling device and advanced chemical techniques, achieving precise detection limits suitable for legal and clinical contexts.
LC-MS/MS confirmation of 11-nor-9-carboxy-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8, Δ9, Δ1°) and hexahydrocannabinol (HHC) metabolites in authentic urine specimens.
J Anal Toxicol
November 2024
Division of Forensic Toxicology, Armed Forces Medical Examiner System, 115 Purple Heart Drive, Dover AFB, DE 19902, USA.
Recently, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) isomers and other semi-synthetic cannabinoids have been introduced into the consumer market as alternatives to botanical cannabis. To assess the prevalence of these potential new analytical targets, a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry confirmation method was developed for the quantitation of seven cannabinoid metabolites and the qualitative identification of four others in urine. The validated method was applied to authentic urine specimens that screened positive by immunoassay (50 ng/mL cutoff; n=1300).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIdentifying standardised neuropsychological test measures sensitive to cannabis consumption: A systematic review.
J Affect Disord
January 2025
School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, 90 Sippy Downs Dr, Sippy Downs, Queensland 4556, Australia.
Background: While numerous studies have indicated acute neurocognitive changes following the administration of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC; the psychoactive component of cannabis), the standardised neuropsychological tests most sensitive to THC are yet to be identified. As such, this systematic review analysed scientific evidence (since 2000) on the effects of THC on standardised neuropsychological test measures.
Methods: This review was conducted in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
Quantitative determination by UHPLC-MS/MS of 18 common drugs of abuse and metabolites, including THC and OH-THC, in volumetric dried blood spots: a sustainable method with minimally invasive sampling.
J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci
October 2024
Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Italy; Centro Regionale Antidoping, Orbassano, Italy.
The increased use of drugs of abuse urges forensic toxicologists to create quick, simple, minimally invasive sampling techniques for biological fluids combined with analytical methods assuring accurate results. To this purpose, a method was developed aimed at quantifying 18 drugs of abuse and metabolites in DBS. Validation of the method was conducted by spiking blank whole blood with the analytes on Capitainer® B cards.
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