Mutations in the human PAX6 gene are an important cause of dominantly inherited congenital malformations of the eye, including aniridia, Peters' anomaly, keratitis, and isolated foveal hypoplasia. To satisfy the need for efficient detection of PAX6 mutations, we have developed a new set of oligonucleotides for genomic SSCP based on the recently completed genomic sequence of the entire human PAX6 gene. We also describe PAX6 mutations in eight aniridia patients, five of which are novel.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-1004(1998)12:2<128::AID-HUMU8>3.0.CO;2-N | DOI Listing |
Nanoscale
January 2025
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea.
The differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into neural progenitor cells (NPCs) is a promising approach for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and regenerative medicine. Dual-SMAD inhibition using small molecules has been identified as a key strategy for directing the differentiation of hiPSCs into NPCs by regulating specific cell signaling pathways. However, conventional culture methods are time-consuming and exhibit low differentiation efficiency in neural differentiation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFiScience
January 2025
Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as crucial regulators of beta cell function. Here, we show that an lncRNA-transcribed antisense to Pax6, annotated as Pax6os1/PAX6-AS1, was upregulated by high glucose concentrations in human as well as murine beta cell lines and islets. Elevated expression was also observed in islets from mice on a high-fat diet and patients with type 2 diabetes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFbioRxiv
December 2024
Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461.
Crystallin proteins serve as both essential structural and as well as protective components of the ocular lens and are required for the transparency and light refraction properties of the organ. The mouse lens crystallin proteome is represented by αA-, αB-, βA1-, βA2-, βA3-, βA4-, βB1-, βB2-, βB3-, γA-, γB-, γC-, γD-, γE, γF-, γN-, and γS-crystallin proteins encoded by 16 genes. Their mutations are responsible for lens opacification and early onset cataract formation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Ophthalmol
January 2025
Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, 35340, Izmir, Türkiye.
Background: Aniridia is a rare panocular disease caused by gene mutation in the PAX6, which is essential for eye development. Aniridia is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, but its phenotype can vary significantly among individuals with the same mutation. Animal models, such as drosophila, zebrafish, and rodents, have been used to study aniridia through Pax6 deletions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Eye Res
January 2025
Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Congenital Aniridia Research, Saarland University, Saar, Germany.
Purpose: Our aim was to examine the expression of PAX6 and keratocyte-specific markers in human limbal stromal cells (LSCs) in congenital aniridia (AN) and in healthy corneas, .
Methods: Primary human LSCs were extracted from individuals with aniridia (AN-LSCs) ( = 8) and from healthy corneas (LSCs) ( = 8). The cells were cultured in either normal-glucose serum-containing cell culture medium (NGSC-medium) or low-glucose serum-free cell culture medium (LGSF-medium).
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