The high capacity of the T cell hybridoma BW-19 to metastasize to the spleen, despite its high and moderate sensitivity to lysis by macrophages and natural killer (NK) cells, respectively, appears to be linked to its capacity to suppress local resident NK cell and macrophage activity. Such suppression of splenic NK cell and macrophage activity is accompanied by an increased production of the p40 subunit of interleukin-12 (IL-12) by spleen cells. Closer examination revealed that most of the p40 subunit is present under the form of the homodimer (p40)2, whereas the heterodimeric form of IL-12 is present only in small amounts. Since (p40)2 is known to be a strong antagonist of IL-12-mediated effects, i.e., NK cell activation and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) secretion, the increased production of (p40)2 after BW-19 cell inoculation may contribute to the suppression of NK cell and macrophage activity. In addition, we found that the high production of (p40)2 in our tumor model was accompanied by a drastic decrease in IL-2 and IFN-gamma production by spleen cells, further favoring the possibility that (p40)2 plays a role in the suppression of NK cell and macrophage cytotoxicity. Our results show that normal spleen cells can produce (p40)2 in response to cancer cell growth in vivo and are highly suggestive of a role for (p40)2 in the suppression of natural immunity.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19980729)77:3<460::aid-ijc24>3.0.co;2-a | DOI Listing |
Infectious diseases pose significant challenges to Norwegian Atlantic salmon aquaculture. Vaccines are critical for disease prevention; however, a deeper understanding of the immune system is essential to improve vaccine efficacy. Immunoglobulin M (IgM) is the main antibody involved in the systemic immune response of teleosts, including Atlantic salmon.
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Surgical Oncology, Guthrie Robert Packer Hospital, Sayre, Pennsylvania, USA.
A splenic inflammatory pseudotumour (IPT) is a rare condition in which inflammatory cells and non-cancerous specialised cells known as myofibroblasts abnormally replicate in the spleen. Patients with IPT may experience symptoms like abdominal pain, fever and weight loss, making it difficult to distinguish from processes like cancer. As a result, diagnosing IPT often requires imaging studies and microscopic examination.
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Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt. Electronic address:
This study investigated the effect of dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) leaf aqueous extract (DLE) on the immunological response of mice following infection with Schistosoma mansoni. Mice (in groups of 7) were first experimentally infected with S. mansoni and, 6 weeks later, were treated with praziquantel (PZQ) and/or DLE.
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Univeristy of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States.
Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma (HSTCL) is an aggressive mature T-cell lymphoma characterized by significant hepatosplenomegaly, bone marrow involvement, and minimal or no lymphadenopathy. Primarily affecting young adults, it is exceptionally rare in children and adolescents. This makes diagnosis and treatment particularly challenging for pathologists and pediatric oncologists.
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Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan Province, China.
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