The calyx epithelium of the campoplegine wasp, Tranosema rostrale, contains typical ichneumonid polydnaviruses (PVs) that display an apparently uncommon association with the egg chorion. The latter structure features fine hair-like projections, longest around the egg's apices. In the lumen of the ovary, T. rostrale virus becomes lodged between these projections and forms a particulate coat around the egg. In the host, Choristoneura fumiferana, projections and associated virions are observed in close contact with basement membranes of fat body and muscle tissues, to which the eggs rapidly become attached following introduction into the host hemocoel. We discuss the implications of this unusual virus-chorion association in terms of immune protection, delivery of virus to specific host tissues, and the evolution of PVs.
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