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A predatory gastrula leads to symbiosis-independent settlement in Aiptasia.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
October 2023
Molecular Evolution and Genomics, Centre for Organismal Studies, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
The planula larvae of the sea anemone Aiptasia have so far not been reported to complete their life cycle by undergoing metamorphosis into adult forms. This has been a major obstacle in their use as a model for coral-dinoflagellate endosymbiosis. Here, we show that Aiptasia larvae actively feed on crustacean nauplii, displaying a preference for live prey.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVitalism, Holism, and Metaphorical Dynamics of Hans Spemann's "Organizer" in the Interwar Period.
J Hist Biol
August 2022
Ernst-Haeckel-Haus, Institute for Zoology and Evolutionary Research, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
This paper aims to provide a fresh historical perspective on the debates on vitalism and holism in Germany by analyzing the work of the zoologist Hans Spemann (1869-1941) in the interwar period. Following up previous historical studies, it takes the controversial question about Spemann's affinity to vitalistic approaches as a starting point. The focus is on Spemann's holistic research style, and on the shifting meanings of Spemann's concept of an organizer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProfiling cellular diversity in sponges informs animal cell type and nervous system evolution.
Science
November 2021
Developmental Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
The evolutionary origin of metazoan cell types such as neurons and muscles is not known. Using whole-body single-cell RNA sequencing in a sponge, an animal without nervous system and musculature, we identified 18 distinct cell types. These include nitric oxide–sensitive contractile pinacocytes, amoeboid phagocytes, and secretory neuroid cells that reside in close contact with digestive choanocytes that express scaffolding and receptor proteins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe First Brazilian Thesis of Evolution: Haeckel's Recapitulation Theory and Its Relations with the Idea of Progress.
J Hist Biol
September 2021
Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
The aim of this work is to present the thesis "On the Ontogenetic Evolution of the Human Embryo in its Relations with Phylogenesis," by Affonso Regulo de Oliveira Fausto (1866-1930), published in Brazil in 1890. To our knowledge, it was one of the first Brazilian academic works focused specifically on evolution. It was also the first doctoral thesis that addressed the topic of recapitulation in order to analyze what was then called the progressive evolution of the human species in tandem with the embryological development of the individuals that would constitute the Brazilian "type.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSequence of chondrocranial development in the oriental fire bellied toad Bombina orientalis.
J Morphol
June 2020
Institut für Zoologie und Evolutionsforschung mit Phyletischem Museum, Ernst-Haeckel-Haus und Biologiedidaktik, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany.
The vertebrate head as a major novelty is directly linked to the evolutionary success of the vertebrates. Sequential information on the embryonic pattern of cartilaginous head development are scarce, but important for the understanding of its evolution. In this study, we use the oriental fire bellied toad, Bombina orientalis, a basal anuran to investigate the sequence and timing of larval cartilaginous development of the head skeleton from the appearance of mesenchymal Anlagen in post-neurulation stages until the premetamorphic larvae.
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