The authors conducted a study of the quantitative content of amino acids in the blood serum of patients with initial and expressed organic neuro-psychic disorders of a vascular genesis and in a group of normals of the same age. In patients with initial organic syndromes the content of cystin-cystein and treonine in the blood serum increased. In patients with expressed organic syndromes the content of cystin-cystein increased, while the content of arginine acid and leicyn-isoleicyn decreased as compared to the control group of elderly people. A comparative study of the two groups of patients with organic psychopathology of a vascular origin demonstrated that in vascular dementia there are more severe changes in the content of amino acids in the blood serum.
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December 2024
Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Kyungbook, Republic of Korea.
Alanine racemase (Alr) catalyzes the pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent racemization between L- and D-alanine in bacteria. Owing to the potential interest in targeting Alr for antibacterial drug development, several studies have determined the structures of Alr from different species, proposing models for the reaction mechanism. Insights into its reaction dynamics may be conducive to a better understanding of the Alr reaction mechanism.
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December 2024
Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Children's Regional Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310052, Zhejiang Province, China.
Williams Syndrome (WS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder with a prevalence of 1 in 7500 to 1 in 20,000 individuals, caused by a microdeletion in chromosome 7q11.23. Despite its distinctive clinical features, the underlying metabolic alterations remain largely unexplored.
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December 2024
Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Falmouth, USA.
Coral reef sponges efficiently take up particulate and dissolved organic matter (DOM) from the water column and release compounds such as nucleosides, amino acids, and other dissolved metabolites to the surrounding reef via their exhalent seawater, but the influence of this process on reef picoplankton and nutrient processing is relatively unexplored. Here we examined the impact of sponge exhalent on the reef picoplankon community and subsequent alterations to the reef dissolved metabolite pool. We exposed reef picoplankton communities to a sponge exhalent water mixture (Niphates digitalis and Xestospongia muta) or filtered reef seawater (control) in closed, container-based dark incubations.
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December 2024
Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Sarriena S/N, 48940, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain.
Cannabis use disorder affects up to 42% of individuals with schizophrenia, correlating with earlier onset, increased positive symptoms, and more frequent hospitalizations. This study employed an untargeted lipidomics approach to identify biomarkers in plasma samples from subjects with schizophrenia, cannabis use disorder, or both (dual diagnosis), aiming to elucidate the metabolic underpinnings of cannabis abuse and schizophrenia development. The use of liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry enabled the annotation of 119 metabolites, with the highest identification confidence level achieved for 16 compounds.
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December 2024
Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Republic of Korea.
Small intestinal organoids are similar to actual small intestines in structure and function and can be used in various fields, such as nutrition, disease, and toxicity research. However, the basal-out type is difficult to homogenize because of the diversity of cell sizes and types, and the Matrigel-based culture conditions. Contrastingly, the apical-out form of small intestinal organoids is relatively uniform and easy to manipulate without Matrigel.
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