Spike responses of neurons to the microiontophoretic application of acetylcholine to the soma and the dendrites were studied. The somatic and dendritic membranes had virtually equal sensitivity to acetylcholine. Only activatory responses were seen, which were most typical of spontaneously active neurons. Muscarinic activation induced spike responses with equal latent periods and equal intensities on application of acetylcholine to dendrites and the soma. It is suggested that intracellular chemical signaling is involved in the propagation of cholinergic excitation via dendrites.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02461955 | DOI Listing |
Cell Death Discov
January 2025
Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.
The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is essential for transmitting signals from motor neurons (MNs) to skeletal muscles (SKMs), and its dysfunction can lead to severe motor disorders. However, our understanding of the NMJ is limited by the absence of accurate human models. Although human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived models have advanced NMJ research, their application is constrained by challenges such as limited differentiation efficiency, lengthy generation times, and cryopreservation difficulties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxicon
January 2025
National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, 00015, Monterotondo, RM, Italy. Electronic address:
Botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A) has expanded its therapeutic uses beyond neuromuscular disorders to include treatments for various pain syndromes and neurological conditions. Originally recognized for blocking acetylcholine release at neuromuscular junctions, BoNT/A's effects extend to both peripheral and central nervous systems. Its ability to undergo retrograde transport allows BoNT/A to modulate synaptic transmission and reduce pain centrally, influencing neurotransmitter systems beyond muscle control.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
National Key Laboratory of Marine Corrosion and Protection, Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute, Qingdao 266237, China.
Deep eutectic solvent (DES)-based conductive hydrogels have attracted great interest in the building of flexible electronic devices that can be used to replace conventional temperature-intolerant hydrogels and expensive ionic liquid gels. However, current DES-based conductive hydrogels obtained have limited mechanical strength, high hysteresis, and poor microdeformation sensitivity of the assembled sensors. In this work, a rubber-like conductive hydrogel based on -acryloylglycinamide (NAGA) and DES (acetylcholine chloride/acrylamide) has been synthesized by a one-step method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTher Adv Neurol Disord
January 2025
Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
Background: China has a large number of myasthenia gravis (MG) patients, creating an urgent need for rapid and tolerable treatment options. As the first-approved Fc receptor antagonist, efgartigimod has bright prospects for treating MG. However, real-world evidence on its application within the Chinese MG population are limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Radiant Research Services Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore, India.
1-Methylxanthine (1-MX) is the major metabolite of caffeine and paraxanthine and might contribute to their activity. 1-MX is an adenosine receptor antagonist and increases the release and survivability of neurotransmitters; however, no study has addressed the potential physiological effects of 1-MX ingestion. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of 1-MX on memory and related biomarkers in rats compared to control.
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