Objective: Diarrheal diseases are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Guidelines about the use of oral rehydration solutions (ORS) and dietary management of acute gastroenteritis (GE) were recently revised and published by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). Study aims were to examine Israeli pediatricians' knowledge and implementation of the revised AAP guidelines, the effect of medical school (Israeli versus foreign medical graduates) on the physicians' practice, and the effect of the type of practice (community vs hospital-based) on the management of gastroenteritis.
Methods: A multiple-choice, written questionnaire was distributed at two pediatrics annual meetings.
Results: A total of 87 pediatricians completed the questionnaire. They were aware of 73% of the current AAP guidelines and followed 60% of the guidelines. Most pediatricians (83%) use ORS for treatment of dehydration in GE, but 60% of pediatricians believe that full-strength feeds are inappropriate in the presence of GE, and 67% of them do not recommend full-strength formulas. In addition, 37% of the pediatricians stop feeding temporarily in the presence of GE, in contrast to the 1996 AAP guidelines. There were no differences in knowledge and management practices among pediatricians graduating in Israel, Europe, or the United States, and no differences between pediatricians working in an ambulatory setting or in a hospital.
Conclusions: Pediatricians in Israel, regardless of country of origin, medical school, or place of practice, are aware of the correct use of ORS but do not follow nutritional practices recommended recently by the AAP. These findings suggest that steps for implementing the guidelines are needed in Israel and most probably worldwide.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.101.5.892 | DOI Listing |
BMC Pediatr
January 2025
School of Medicine, Division of General Academic Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Background: This study aimed to gather information about parental practices, knowledge, and attitudes regarding infant sleep habits and environments, among families who practice non-recommended sleep practices.
Methods: We conducted one-on-one phone interviews with parents who had practiced non-recommended sleep methods with their infant and had or had not experienced an undesirable sleep event such as a fall. Interviews were recorded and coded with MAXQDA software.
Pediatrics
January 2025
Departments of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC.
Background: Febrile young infants are at risk of invasive bacterial infections (IBIs; bacteremia or bacterial meningitis). American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) guidelines recommend that when procalcitonin testing is unavailable, C-reactive protein (CRP), absolute neutrophil count (ANC) and temperature should be used to identify low-risk infants. We sought to determine the optimal combination of these inflammatory markers to predict IBI when procalcitonin is unavailable.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Paediatr Child Health
January 2025
College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Ivins, Utah, USA.
Aim: SARS-CoV-2 is highly transmissible, having infected ~16 million children in the United States. Symptom severity is higher in infants compared to older children, possibly due to their ineligibility for vaccination. Concerns persist that mothers transmit infectious viral loads of SARS-CoV-2 through breast milk.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pediatr Urol
December 2024
Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, New York University Langone Hospital-Long Island, Mineola, NY, USA.
Introduction: Parental refusal of intramuscular (IM) vitamin K in newborns poses challenges, particularly for pediatric urologists assessing the safety of neonatal circumcision. Vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB) is a known risk, with lack of prophylaxis increasing bleeding complications. This study evaluates the safety of neonatal circumcision without IM vitamin K, reviews guidelines, and explores alternative prophylaxis options.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Oral Investig
December 2024
Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310000, Hangzhou, China.
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