Adenoids and peripheral blood samples from 29 children (20-120 months of age) undergoing adenoidectomy for long-standing otitis media with effusion (OME) (n=16) or obstructive adenoid hyperplasia (n=13) were investigated by flow cytometry for their T-lymphocyte profile. Eleven of the enrolled children were allergic to inhalant and/or food allergens. For the whole group, the percentage of helper T cells belonging to the memory phenotype (CD4+/CD45RO+ cells) was significantly higher in adenoids than in blood (p<0.0001), while the same cell category increased with age in peripheral blood (p<0.01). A highly significant negative regression (p<0.001) was found between age and the percentage ratio of CD4+ cells that were CD45RO+ in adenoids and blood. Allergic children had a higher CD4+/CD8+ ratio for cells expressing CD45RO+ (p<0.05) in adenoids. The results of this study indicate that adenoids participate in the development of an immunological memory. Our findings support a relationship between allergy and memory cells in adenoids.
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