Objective: To determine if there is a statistically significant correlation between the plasma glucose level obtained following a glucose challenge test at 24-28 weeks' gestation and the fasting plasma glucose level in the first trimester.
Methods: The study population included 621 healthy women with singleton pregnancies followed in the antenatal clinic of the Hadassah Medical Center, with a fasting plasma glucose level performed during the first trimester. Nine women had fasting blood glucose levels above 105 mg/dL and were excluded from the study. Of the remaining 612 women, 425 (69%) had 50-g glucose challenge tests at 24-28 weeks' gestation.
Results: The mean (+/-standard deviation [SD]) first-trimester fasting glucose level was 77.8+/-9.7 mg/dL and the mean (+/-SD) glucose level 1 hour after the second-trimester glucose challenge test was 109.1+/-29.8 mg/dL. The fasting plasma glucose level and the glucose level following the glucose challenge correlated significantly but not strongly (=.26, P < .001). However, using a linear regression model in which fasting plasma glucose level and maternal weight were explanatory variables and glucose level following the glucose challenge test was the dependent variable resulted in a very low r2 (.10).
Conclusion: The correlation between the plasma glucose level obtained following a glucose challenge test and the fasting plasma glucose level in the first trimester is low, indicating that fasting glucose measurement early in pregnancy has no clinical benefits.
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