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Quantifying Bone Collagen Fingerprint Variation Between Species.
Mol Ecol Resour
January 2025
Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Natural Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Collagen is the most ubiquitous protein in the animal kingdom and one of the most abundant proteins on Earth. Despite having a relatively repetitive amino acid sequence motif that enables its triple helical structure, in type 1 collagen, that dominates skin and bone, there is enough variation for its increasing use for the biomolecular species identification of animal tissues processed or degraded beyond the amenability of DNA-based analyses. In recent years, this has been most commonly achieved through the technique of collagen peptide mass fingerprinting (PMF) known as ZooMS (Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectrometry), applied to the analysis of tens of thousands of samples across over one hundred studies in the past decade alone.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTriiodothyronine (T3) increases the expression of the amphiregulin (AREG) oncogene by activating extranuclear pathways in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
Arch Endocrinol Metab
January 2025
Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu BotucatuSP Brasil Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Botucatu, SP, Brasil.
Objective: Considering that the αvβ3 integrin plays an important role in tumor metastasis, this study investigated the involvement of these pathways in mediating the triiodothyronine (T3) effects on amphiregulin () expression.
Materials And Methods: We treated MCF-7 cells with T3 (10 nM) for 1 hour in the presence or absence of inhibitors for αvβ3 integrin (RGD peptide), MAPK (PD98059), PI3K (LY294002), and protein synthesis (cycloheximide [CHX]). A control group (C) received no T3 or inhibitors.
The hypothalamus as the central regulator of energy balance and its impact on current and future obesity treatments.
Arch Endocrinol Metab
January 2025
Universidade de Campinas Centro de Pesquisa em Obesidade e Comorbidades CampinasSP Brasil Centro de Pesquisa em Obesidade e Comorbidades, Universidade de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil.
The hypothalamus is a master regulator of energy balance in the body. First-order hypothalamic neurons localized in the arcuate nucleus sense systemic signals that indicate the energy stores in the body. Through distinct projections, arcuate nucleus neurons communicate with second-order neurons, which are mostly localized in the paraventricular nucleus and in the lateral hypothalamus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIdentification and structural characterization of a novel acetyl xylan esterase from Aspergillus oryzae.
FEBS J
January 2025
Department of Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, Japan.
Acetyl xylan esterase plays a crucial role in the degradation of xylan, the major plant hemicellulose, by liberating acetic acid from the backbone polysaccharides. Acetyl xylan esterase B from Aspergillus oryzae, designated AoAxeB, was biochemically and structurally investigated. The AoAxeB-encoding gene with a native signal peptide was successfully expressed in Pichia pastoris as an active extracellular protein.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIndividualized Neoantigen-Directed Melanoma Therapy.
Am J Clin Dermatol
January 2025
Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
Individualized neoantigen-directed therapy represents a groundbreaking approach in melanoma treatment that leverages the patient's own immune system to target cancer cells. This innovative strategy involves the identification of unique immunogenic neoantigens (mutated proteins specific to an individual's tumor) and the development of therapeutic vaccines that either consist of peptide sequences or RNA encoding these neoantigens. The goal of these therapies is to induce neoantigen-specific immune responses, enabling the immune system to recognize and destroy cancer cells presenting the targeted neoantigens.
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