This is the second in a series of articles provided to the readers of PENNSYLVANIA MEDICINE as an update from researchers and clinicians in this cutting-edge medical field. The series is partially sponsored through a grant from the Pennsylvania Department of Health to the University of Pittsburgh Department of Human Genetics.
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Examining Infant and Child Neurodevelopmental Outcomes After Lyme Disease During Pregnancy.
Pathogens
November 2024
Zickler Family Prenatal Pediatrics Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC 20010, USA.
Lyme disease is the most common vector-borne disease in the United States. Recent environmental and socioecological changes have led to an increased incidence of Lyme and other tick-borne diseases, which enhances the urgency of identifying and mitigating adverse outcomes of Lyme disease exposure. Lyme disease during pregnancy, especially when untreated, may lead to adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes; however, long-term child outcomes following utero exposure to Lyme disease have not yet been systematically assessed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAutomatic Single-Cell Harvesting for Fetal Nucleated Red Blood Cell Isolation on a Self-Assemble Cell Array (SACA) Chip.
Micromachines (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
(1) Background: Fetal chromosomal examination is a critical component of modern prenatal testing. Traditionally, maternal serum biomarkers such as free β-human chorionic gonadotropin (Free β-HCG) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPPA) have been employed for screening, achieving a detection rate of approximately 90% for fetuses with Down syndrome, albeit with a false positive rate of 5%. While amniocentesis remains the gold standard for the prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities, including Down syndrome and Edwards syndrome, its invasive nature carries a significant risk of complications, such as infection, preterm labor, or miscarriage, occurring at a rate of 7 per 1000 procedures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVein of Galen Aneurysmal Malformations: Updates on Technical Aspects and Functional Outcomes Post-Endovascular Treatment-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Medicina (Kaunas)
November 2024
Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
: Vein of Galen aneurysmal malformations (VGAMs) represent the most common vascular malformations of the brain at the pediatric age. Comprehension of its angioarchitecture and clinical features may influence their treatment options and functional outcomes. The aim of this review is to give an update of the anatomical and technical aspects of the management of VGAMs after endovascular treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFetal Isolated Single Umbilical Artery (ISUA) and Its Role as a Marker of Adverse Perinatal Outcomes.
J Clin Med
December 2024
Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca (USAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
Single umbilical artery (SUA) is considered an ultrasound marker of anomalies. Although it may be present in about 0.5% to 6% of normal pregnancies, it has been linked with an increased risk of fetal growth restriction (FGR), as well as cardiac, genitourinary and gastrointestinal malformations and chromosomal anomalies such as trisomies 21 and 18.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThree-Dimensional Ultrasound for Physical and Virtual Fetal Heart Models: Current Status and Future Perspectives.
J Clin Med
December 2024
Discipline of Woman Health, Municipal University of São Caetano do Sul (USCS), São Caetano do Sul 09521-160, SP, Brazil.
Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are the most common congenital defect, occurring in approximately 1 in 100 live births and being a leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Of note, approximately 25% of these defects are classified as critical, requiring immediate postnatal care by pediatric cardiology and neonatal cardiac surgery teams. Consequently, early and accurate diagnosis of CHD is key to proper prenatal and postnatal monitoring in a tertiary care setting.
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