The pancreatic antioxidant system and the effect of the pretreatment with 500 mg/ kg b.w. i.p. nicotinamide were studied in male mice (CBA/J x C57BL/6J)F1 with low-dose streptozotocin-induced diabetes (50 mg/kg b.w. x 5 days). Nicotinamide prevented the development of basal hyperglycaemia, hypoinsulinemia and the growth of superoxide dismutase activity without any impact on the elevated glutathione peroxidase activity and the increase in lipid hydroperoxide level.
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Int J Biol Macromol
January 2025
College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China. Electronic address:
In this study, water-soluble fraction (WSF), chelator-soluble fraction (CSF), and sodium carbonate-soluble fraction (NSF) were sequentially fractionated from pear pulp, of which physicochemical properties and hypolipidemic activities in vitro were evaluated. They showed distinct monosaccharide composition, surface morphology, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrums. WSF and NSF were identified as high methyl-esterified pectic polysaccharides with degrees of methyl esterification (DM) of 85.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutrients
January 2025
National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Objective: This study aims to identify whether the development of insulin resistance (IR) induced by high selenium (Se) is related to serine deficiency via the inhibition of the de novo serine synthesis pathway (SSP) by the administrations of 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) inhibitor (NCT503) or exogenous serine in mice.
Method: forty-eight male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into four groups: adequate-Se (0.1 mgSe/kg), high-Se (0.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel)
January 2025
Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic non-communicable disease with an increasing prevalence in Latin America and worldwide, impacting various social and economic areas. It causes numerous complications for those affected. Current treatments for diabetes include oral hypoglycemic drugs, which can lead to adverse effects and health complications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2025
Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea.
Although pancreatic cancer presents with one of the most unfavorable prognoses, its treatment options are very limited. Mitochondria-targeting moieties, considered a new and prominent treatment modality, are expected to demonstrate synergistic anticancer effects due to their distinct mechanism compared to conventional chemotherapeutic approaches. This study evaluated the therapeutic potential of mitochondria-accumulating self-assembly peptides, referred to as Mito-FFs, utilizing both in vitro and in vivo pancreatic cancer models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntioxidants (Basel)
January 2025
Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a potentially fatal acute digestive disease that is widespread globally. Although significant progress has been made in the previous decade, the study of mechanisms and therapeutic strategies is still far from being completed. Xanthine oxidase (XO) is an enzyme that catalyzes hypoxanthine and xanthine to produce urate and is accompanied by the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in purine catabolism.
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