Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in a kidney transplant population: hereditary and sporadic forms.

Between 1985 and 1993, 16 of 1000 kidney transplant patients in Göteborg had biopsy-verified primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), and among them they received 23 transplants. Their age range was 19-67 years (median 39 years). Patients were followed for 3-10 years (median 6.5 years). Eight patients were members of seven separate families in which at least one other member had FSGS, while eight cases were sporadic. The patients with hereditary FSGS were younger at onset of symptoms than sporadic cases (median 12.5 vs 26 years, P = 0.041) but not at the time of renal failure. Only one versus five had received immunotherapy. After transplantation, recurrence of FSGS occurred in five grafts, all in sporadic cases, and two of these were lost. In conclusion, it appears that there are at least two forms of FSGS, one hereditary and one sporadic form. The hereditary form does not seem to recur after transplantation, whereas the risk in sporadic cases is very high.