Sowda skin lesions are of medical and social importance in Yemen. Ivermectin (Mectizan) chose as a control strategy plan in onchocerciasis is active during 3 months for the less on clinical and histological data. After a short increase of itching and oedematous skin aspects clinical signs decrease. Some patients notice an itching rebound after 90 days. Histologically, localized ingratiates, presence of mononuclear cells and melenin loaded histiocytes and eosinophils decreased. The rythm cure has to be studied on a longer period but 3 to 6 months repetition between oral treatment with 200 micrograms/kg dose during two years could be effective.
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Onchocerciasis in Yemen: moving forward towards an elimination program.
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March 2018
Mectizan Donation Program, Task Force for Global Health, Atlanta, GA, USA.
The onchocerciasis focus in Yemen has been known for many years as an endemic area with unique characteristics, notably the atypical and most severe form of onchodermatitis, known as sowda or reactive onchodermatitis (ROD). The national effort to control the disease began in 1992 as an individual case treatment program by administering ivermectin to those presenting with ROD. The challenging geography of the endemic area and the current political and military unrest both underscore a need for special approaches when attempting to eliminate onchocerciasis from this country.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Human onchocerciasis and "sowda" in the Republic of Yemen].
Bull Acad Natl Med
May 2002
Praticien Hospitalier, Service d'Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine de Tours.
The geophysics of the north Yemen, associating a north-south directed mountainous fish bone (rising in more of 2,000 meters), to numerous rivers or "wadis" is convenient to the development of simulium shelters, main vectors for cutaneous filariasis to Onchocerca sp. Following several missions of bio-clinical and epidemiological evaluations in neighbouring villages of wadis, it has been possible to study different clinical aspects: one reminding the classical african onchocerciasis with generalized and diffused dermatitis, and, on an other hand, a hyperreactive dermatitis on one side of the body and associated with a collateral lymphatic ganglion. This disease is well known for local populations as "aswad" meaning "black" or "sowda".
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Programme national de lutte contre la lèpre, Taiz, République du Yémen.
Sowda skin lesions are of medical and social importance in Yemen. Ivermectin (Mectizan) chose as a control strategy plan in onchocerciasis is active during 3 months for the less on clinical and histological data. After a short increase of itching and oedematous skin aspects clinical signs decrease.
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Onchocerciasis is a major blinding disease in equatorial Africa and Central and South America. Ivermectin is a safe and effective drug in the treatment of this disease and now forms the basis of disease control in most endemic areas. We report the findings of long-term control of this infection in the Río Santiago focus in Ecuador, between January 1990 and December 1996, using a strategy of giving ivermectin treatments biannually in hyperendemic communities and annually in meso- and hypoendemic communities.
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Department of Clinical Chemistry, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
The serum levels of three major granulocyte proteins were measured in patients with onchocerciasis, bancroftian filariasis and intestinal schistosomiasis and compared to controls from patients with malaria, Africans living in areas not endemic for these infections and healthy Germans. The investigation comprised the determination of the eosinophil granule proteins eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN/EPX), and the neutrophil/monocyte granule protein myeloperoxidase (MPO). ECP and EDN/EPX levels were found elevated only in the three helminth infections that are associated with eosinophilia, while MPO was found elevated in all tested disease groups.
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